Long power list

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The long power list is a collection of diagnoses based on site and pathologic characteristics. It builds on the short power list.

Site

Bone & cartilage

General

Benign - bone:

Benign - bone tumours:

Benign - cartilage:

Malignant - bone:

Malignant - cartilage:

Unusual genetic conditions:

Femoral head

Benign:

Uncommon - benign (fracture):

Uncommon - benign pediatric:

Uncommon - malignant (fracture):

Breast pathology

Benign - common:

Benign - uncommon:

Non-invasive:

  • ADH.
  • DCIS.
    • Subtypes: cribriform, solid, papillary, micropapillary.
  • ALH.
  • LCIS.

Invasive - epithelial:

Invasive - non-epithelial:

Invasive - salivary gland-like:

Cardiovascular pathology

General

Aorta

Cardiac valves

Aortic valve

Mitral valve

Tricuspid valve

Heart

Common - benign:

Uncommon - benign:

Uncommon - malignant:

Dermatopathology

Benign - non-melanocytic:

Benign melanocytic lesions:

Inflammatory skin lesions:

Malignant:

Endocrine pathology

Thyroid gland

Benign:

Benign - uncommon:

Malignant:

Malignant - uncommon:

Thyroid gland - cytology

Parathyroid gland

Benign:

Malignant - rare:

Adrenal gland

Benign:

Malignant:

Gastrointestinal pathology

Gastrointestinal polyp

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Uncommon - pre-malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

Malignant:

Esophagus

Benign:

Benign - uncommon:

Tumour:

Malignant:

Stomach

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

Duodenum

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

Uncommon benign:

Colon/rectum

Benign:

Benign - uncommon infectious:

Benign - uncommon:

Tumour:

Malignant:

Appendix

Benign:

Benign - uncommon:

Neoplasm:

Malignant:

Liver

Benign:

Benign - tumour:

Malignant:

Uncommon benign:

Uncommon malignant:

Gallbladder

Benign:

Uncommon - pre-malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Genitourinary pathology

Tumour kidney

Benign:

Malignant - common:

Malignant - less common:

Possibly benign:

Uncommon - benign:

Children - tumours:

Medical kidney

Important/common:

Nephrotic syndrome:

Nephritic syndrome:

Mixed presentation:

Cystic disease:

Others:

Prostate gland

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Suspicious:

Malignant:

Waffle category:

Uncommon - malignant:

Mimic benign:

Urinary bladder

Benign:

Pre-malignant/malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

Urine - cytology

Common:

Uncommon:

Testis

Non-neoplastic:

Pre-neoplastic:

Common tumours:

Less common tumours:

Associated with testis

Epididymis:

Gynecologic pathology

Uterus

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

Uncommon - malignant:

Cervix - cytology

Main article: Gynecologic cytopathology

Benign:

  • Normal.
  • Candida.
  • Endometrial cells >40 years.

Benign not typically reported:

  • Atrophy.
  • Reactive changes.
  • Squamous metaplasia.
  • Tubal metaplasia.
  • Endometrial cells <40 years.

Uncommon - benign:

Waffle diagnoses:

Pre-malignant/malignant:

Ovary

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Other tumours:

Fallopian tube

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

Head and neck

General

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Salivary gland

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon benign:

Uncommon malignant:

Lymph node

Benign:

Malignant:

Benign - uncommon:

Neuropathology

Brain

Benign:

Pediatric - tumour:

Adult - tumour:

Neurodegenerative

Muscle

Pulmonary pathology

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - granulomatous:

Uncommon - benign other:

Uncommon - vascular:

Uncommon - idiopathic interstitial pneumonias:

Uncommon - malignant:

Spleen

Benign:

Benign - rare:

Malignant - common:

Malignant - others:

Placenta

Less common:

Pathologic characteristics

Non-skin tumours with skin

Nodule-forming lymphoma

Malignant:

Nuclear features

Pseudostratified nuclei

Tumours that commonly have pseudostratified nuclei:

Pseudoinclusions

Main article: Nuclear pseudoinclusions

Cytoplasmic features

Eosinophilic cytoplasm

Clear cytoplasm

Main article: Clear cell tumours

Cells

Tumours with lymphocytes

Giant cells

Main article: Giant cell lesions

Many eosinophils

Site specific:

Red blood cell extravasation

Structures

Psammoma bodies

Main article: Psammoma bodies

Myxoid lesions

Main article: Myxoid lesions

Architecture

Classically nested

Stroma rich tumours

Spindle cell lesions

Main article: Spindle cell lesions

Spindle cell lesions in neuropathology

Frustration lists

The following are diagnoses to think about if the answer isn't apparent.

General frustration list

If the pathology isn't apparent...

Memory device: NAGAAPP.

CNS frustration list

Head & neck frustration list

Colonic biopsies frustration list

See also

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