Aneurysmal bone cyst

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Aneurysmal bone cyst
Diagnosis in short

Aneurysmal bone cyst. H&E stain.
LM DDx giant cell tumour of bone, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, other giant cell lesions
Site bone

Prevalence common
Prognosis benign

Aneurysmal bone cyst, abbreviated ABC, is a very common benign pathology of bone.

Giant cell reparative granuloma (also known as solid aneurysmal bone cyst) is dealt with separately.

General

Features:[1]

  • Benign.
    • May grow rapidly.
  • Osteolysis -> cystic space -> filled with blood.
  • Relatively common; in children second only to osteosarcoma.[2]

Gross/radiologic

Features:[3]

  • Air-fluid levels (radiology).
  • Usually metaphysis of long bones, but uncommonly the femur.
  • May have an "aggressive" appearance, i.e. erode bone.

Microscopic

Features:[1]

  • Bony trabeculae or osteoid tissue.
  • Osteoclast giant cells.
    • Multi-nucleated giant-cells with round randomly arranged nuclei.
  • Benign spindle cells (fibroblasts) - surround bone/adjacent to the giant cells - important.
  • Blood +/- surrounded by giant cells.

DDx:

Images

www:

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1254784-overview. Accessed on: 4 February 2011.
  2. van den Berg H, Kroon HM, Slaar A, Hogendoorn P (2008). "Incidence of biopsy-proven bone tumors in children: a report based on the Dutch pathology registration "PALGA"". J Pediatr Orthop 28 (1): 29–35. doi:10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181558cb5. PMID 18157043.
  3. Parashari, UC.; Khanduri, S.; Upadhyay, D.; Bhadury, S.; Singhal, S.. "Radiologic and pathologic correlation of aneurysmal bone cysts at unusual sites.". J Cancer Res Ther 8 (1): 103-5. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.95183. PMID 22531523.