Long power list

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The long power list is a collection of diagnoses based on site and pathologic characteristics. It builds on the short power list.

Site

Bone & cartilage

General

Benign - bone:

Benign - bone tumours:

Benign - cartilage:

Malignant - bone:

Malignant - cartilage:

Unusual genetic conditions:

Femoral head

Benign:

Uncommon - benign (fracture):

  • Trauma.
  • Osteoporosis.

Uncommon - benign pediatric:

  • Slipped femoral capital epiphysis (SFCE).
  • Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome.

Uncommon - malignant (fracture):

Breast pathology

Benign - common:

Benign - uncommon:

Non-invasive:

  • ADH.
  • DCIS.
    • Subtypes: cribriform, solid, papillary, micropapillary.
  • ALH.
  • LCIS.

Invasive - epithelial:

Invasive - non-epithelial:

Invasive - salivary gland-like:

Cardiovascular pathology

General

Aorta

Cardiac valves

Aortic valve

Mitral valve

Tricuspid valve

Heart

Common - benign:

Uncommon - benign:

Uncommon - malignant:

Endocrine pathology

Thyroid gland

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Adrenal gland

Benign:

Malignant:

Gastrointestinal pathology

Appendix

Benign:

Neoplasm:

Malignant:

  • Mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Gallbladder

Benign:

Uncommon - pre-malignant:

  • Intestinal metaplasia.

Uncommon - malignant:

  • Adenocarcinoma.

Gastrointestinal polyp

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Uncommon - pre-malignant:

Stomach

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

  • Adenocarcinoma, intestinal type.
  • Signet-ring cell carcinoma.
  • GIST.

Duodenum

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

  • Adenocarcinoma.

Uncommon benign:

Liver

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon benign:

Uncommon malignant:

Genitourinary pathology

Tumour kidney

Benign:

Malignant - common:

Malignant - less common:

Uncommon - benign:

Medical kidney

Prostate gland

Benign:

Malignant:

  • Acinar adenocarcinoma.

Uncommon - malignant:

  • Ductal adenocarcinoma.
  • Urothelial carcinoma.

Urinary bladder

Benign:

Pre-malignant/malignant:

  • Urothelial dysplasia.
  • Papillary urothelial carcinoma, low grade.
  • Papillary urothelial carcinoma, high grade.
  • Flat urothelial carcinoma.

Uncommon - benign:

Gynecologic pathology

Uterus

Benign:

Pre-malignant:

Malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

  • Decidua (change of pregnancy).

Uncommon - malignant:

Cervix - cytology

Benign:

  • Normal.
  • Candida.
  • Endometrial cells.
  • Atrophy.

Pre-malignant/malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

  • HSV changes.
  • Trichomonas.

Ovary

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Fallopian tube

Benign:

Malignant:

  • Serous carcinoma.

Uncommon - benign:

Head and neck

General

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon - malignant:

Salivary gland

Benign:

Malignant:

Uncommon benign:

Uncommon malignant:

Lymph node

Benign:

Malignant:

Benign - uncommon:

Neuropathology

Brain

Benign:

Pediatric - tumour:

Adult - tumour:

Neurodegenerative

Muscle

Pulmonary pathology

Benign:

  • Normal.

Malignant:

Uncommon - benign:

Uncommon - malignant:

Spleen

Benign:

  • Trauma.
  • Normal.
  • Enlargement due to cirrhosis.

Malignant:

Pathologic characteristics

Non-skin tumours with skin

Nuclear features

Pseudostratified nuclei

Tumours that commonly have pseudostratified nuclei:

Pseudoinclusions

Cytoplasmic features

Eosinophilic cytoplasm

Clear cytoplasm

Cells

Tumours with lymphocytes

Giant cells

Many eosinophils

Site specific:

Structures

Psammoma bodies

Myxoid lesions

Architecture

Classically nested

Stroma rich tumours

Spindle cell lesions

Neuropathology

Frustration lists

The following are diagnoses to think about if the answer isn't apparent.

General frustration list

If the pathology isn't apparent...

CNS frustration list

Head & neck frustration list

Colonic biopsies frustration list

See also