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Difference between revisions of "Invasive breast cancer"
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→Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma
(→IHC) |
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**About 15% of breast carcinomas. | **About 15% of breast carcinomas. | ||
**Important group due to a lack of tailored therapies for this group | **Important group due to a lack of tailored therapies for this group | ||
***Some triple negatives also express androgen receptor and have and [apocrine breast carcinoma] morphology.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Niemeier | first1 = LA. | last2 = Dabbs | first2 = DJ. | last3 = Beriwal | first3 = S. | last4 = Striebel | first4 = JM. | last5 = Bhargava | first5 = R. | title = Androgen receptor in breast cancer: expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and in estrogen receptor-negative tumors with apocrine differentiation. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 23 | issue = 2 | pages = 205-12 | month = Feb | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.2009.159 | PMID = 19898421 }}</ref> | |||
****May respond to therapies targeting the androgen receptor. | |||
***BCL11A overexpression recently identified as an oncogenic driver in this group <ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Khaled | first1 = WT. | last2 = Choon Lee | first2 = S. | last3 = Stingl | first3 = J. | last4 = Chen | first4 = X. | last5 = Raza Ali | first5 = H. | last6 = Rueda | first6 = OM. | last7 = Hadi | first7 = F. | last8 = Wang | first8 = J. | last9 = Yu | first9 = Y. | title = BCL11A is a triple-negative breast cancer gene with critical functions in stem and progenitor cells. | journal = Nat Commun | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 5987 | month = | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1038/ncomms6987 | PMID = 25574598 }}</ref> | |||
****Targeted therapies may include inhibitors of BCL11A. | |||
**Triple-negative and basal-like phenotypes are not synonymous but overlap | **Triple-negative and basal-like phenotypes are not synonymous but overlap | ||
***About 70% of triple-negative tumours are basal-like. | ***About 70% of triple-negative tumours are basal-like. | ||
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**Discussions of BRCA1 associated tumors, TNBC and BLBC are typically muddied by the overlap. | **Discussions of BRCA1 associated tumors, TNBC and BLBC are typically muddied by the overlap. | ||
**Classic 'morphological clues' to a triple negative cancer usually refer to medullary carcinoma features. | **Classic 'morphological clues' to a triple negative cancer usually refer to medullary carcinoma features. | ||
==Immunostains for typing and diagnosis== | ==Immunostains for typing and diagnosis== | ||