Difference between revisions of "Forensic pathology"

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1,532 bytes added ,  19:56, 13 October 2010
→‎Hypothermia: +hyperthermia
m (→‎Natural deaths: remove broken link)
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===Hypothermia===
===Hypothermia===
Features:<ref name=>{{cite journal |author=E. E. Türk, J. P. Sperhake, K. Pueschel and Michael Tsokos |title=An approach to the evaluation of fatal hypothermia |journal=Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=31–35 |year=2005 |month= |pmid= |doi= |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/n785314u75m71j8h/fulltext.pdf}}</ref>
Features:<ref name=>{{cite journal |author=E. E. Türk, J. P. Sperhake, K. Pueschel and Michael Tsokos |title=An approach to the evaluation of fatal hypothermia |journal=Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=31–35 |year=2005 |month= |pmid= |doi= |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/n785314u75m71j8h/fulltext.pdf}}</ref>
*Reddening of exposed skin areas "frost erythema".
*Reddening of exposed skin areas "frost erythema" - '''classic feature'''.
*Wischnewski spots.
*Wischnewski spots - '''classic feature'''.
**Brown/black spots of the gastric mucosa ~ 0.1-0.4 cm; thought to represent pre-mortem/perimortem hemorrhage.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Tsokos M, Rothschild MA, Madea B, Rie M, Sperhake JP |title=Histological and immunohistochemical study of Wischnewsky spots in fatal hypothermia |journal=Am J Forensic Med Pathol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=70–4 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16501354 |doi=10.1097/01.paf.0000202716.06378.91 |url=http://journals.lww.com/amjforensicmedicine/Abstract/2006/03000/Histological_and_Immunohistochemical_Study_of.14.aspx}}</ref>
**Brown/black spots of the gastric mucosa ~ 0.1-0.4 cm; thought to represent pre-mortem/perimortem hemorrhage.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Tsokos M, Rothschild MA, Madea B, Rie M, Sperhake JP |title=Histological and immunohistochemical study of Wischnewsky spots in fatal hypothermia |journal=Am J Forensic Med Pathol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=70–4 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16501354 |doi=10.1097/01.paf.0000202716.06378.91 |url=http://journals.lww.com/amjforensicmedicine/Abstract/2006/03000/Histological_and_Immunohistochemical_Study_of.14.aspx}}</ref>
*Paradoxical undressing; decedent has removed clothes due to perception of being too hot.<ref name=pmid20151230>{{cite journal |author=Turk EE |title=Hypothermia |journal=Forensic Sci Med Pathol |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=106–15 |year=2010 |month=June |pmid=20151230 |doi=10.1007/s12024-010-9142-4 |url=}}</ref>
*Paradoxical undressing; decedent has removed clothes due to perception of being too hot.<ref name=pmid20151230>{{cite journal |author=Turk EE |title=Hypothermia |journal=Forensic Sci Med Pathol |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=106–15 |year=2010 |month=June |pmid=20151230 |doi=10.1007/s12024-010-9142-4 |url=}}</ref>
Notes:
*Findings are often non-specific.<ref name=pmid16948514>{{cite journal |author=Nixdorf-Miller A, Hunsaker DM, Hunsaker JC |title=Hypothermia and hyperthermia medicolegal investigation of morbidity and mortality from exposure to environmental temperature extremes |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=130 |issue=9 |pages=1297–304 |year=2006 |month=September |pmid=16948514 |doi= |url=http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/pdf/10.1043/1543-2165%282006%29130%5B1297%3AHAHMIO%5D2.0.CO%3B2}}</ref>
*Associated non-specific findings:<ref name=pmid16948514/>
**Pulmonary edema.
**Hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
**Hemorrhage of the iliopsoas muscle.


Image:
Image:
*[http://www.springerlink.com/content/n785314u75m71j8h/fulltext.pdf Wischnewski spots (springerlink.com)].
*[http://www.springerlink.com/content/n785314u75m71j8h/fulltext.pdf Wischnewski spots (springerlink.com)].
===Hyperthermia===
Features:
*Findings are non-specific.<ref name=pmid16948514>{{cite journal |author=Nixdorf-Miller A, Hunsaker DM, Hunsaker JC |title=Hypothermia and hyperthermia medicolegal investigation of morbidity and mortality from exposure to environmental temperature extremes |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=130 |issue=9 |pages=1297–304 |year=2006 |month=September |pmid=16948514 |doi= |url=http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/pdf/10.1043/1543-2165%282006%29130%5B1297%3AHAHMIO%5D2.0.CO%3B2}}</ref>
*Short survival:
**+/-Petechiae - serosal (pleural, epicardial, pericardial) and cerebral periventricular.
**+/-Cerebral edema.
*Long survival:
**Findings consistent with hypovolemic shock (hepatic necrosis, cerebral edema, DAD in lung, acute pancreatitis).
**Clinical/biochemical: rhabdomyolysis, DIC, ATN.


==Gunshot wounds==
==Gunshot wounds==
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