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Difference between revisions of "Neuroendocrine neoplasms"
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*In GI NETs ''carcinoid syndrome'' usually only arises in the context of liver metastases. | *In GI NETs ''carcinoid syndrome'' usually only arises in the context of liver metastases. | ||
**GI NETs without liver mets do not develop the syndrome due to ''first pass effect'' of the liver. | **GI NETs without liver mets do not develop the syndrome due to ''first pass effect'' of the liver. | ||
**Exceptions to the rule -- carcinoid syndrome without liver mets: ovarian NETs, bronchial NETs.<ref name=pmid1574032>{{Cite journal | last1 = Haq | first1 = AU. | last2 = Yook | first2 = CR. | last3 = Hiremath | first3 = V. | last4 = Kasimis | first4 = BS. | title = Carcinoid syndrome in the absence of liver metastasis: a case report and review of literature. | journal = Med Pediatr Oncol | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 221-3 | month = | year = 1992 | doi = | PMID = 1574032 }}</ref> | **Exceptions to the rule -- carcinoid syndrome without liver mets: ovarian NETs, testicular NETs, bronchial NETs.<ref name=pmid1574032>{{Cite journal | last1 = Haq | first1 = AU. | last2 = Yook | first2 = CR. | last3 = Hiremath | first3 = V. | last4 = Kasimis | first4 = BS. | title = Carcinoid syndrome in the absence of liver metastasis: a case report and review of literature. | journal = Med Pediatr Oncol | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 221-3 | month = | year = 1992 | doi = | PMID = 1574032 }}</ref> | ||
===Clinical=== | ===Clinical=== | ||