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Difference between revisions of "Neuroendocrine neoplasms"
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→Carcinoid syndrome
(→Carcinoid syndrome: more) |
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===Pathophysiology=== | ===Pathophysiology=== | ||
*Neuroendocrine tumour -> hormone secretion (5-hydroxytryptamine + others).<ref name=pmid19444261>{{Cite journal | last1 = Druce | first1 = M. | last2 = Rockall | first2 = A. | last3 = Grossman | first3 = AB. | title = Fibrosis and carcinoid syndrome: from causation to future therapy. | journal = Nat Rev Endocrinol | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | pages = 276-83 | month = May | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1038/nrendo.2009.51 | PMID = 19444261 }}</ref> | *Neuroendocrine tumour -> hormone secretion (5-hydroxytryptamine + others).<ref name=pmid19444261>{{Cite journal | last1 = Druce | first1 = M. | last2 = Rockall | first2 = A. | last3 = Grossman | first3 = AB. | title = Fibrosis and carcinoid syndrome: from causation to future therapy. | journal = Nat Rev Endocrinol | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | pages = 276-83 | month = May | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1038/nrendo.2009.51 | PMID = 19444261 }}</ref> | ||
*In GI NETs ''carcinoid syndrome'' usually only arises in the context of liver metastases. | |||
**GI NETs without liver mets do not develop the syndrome due to ''first pass effect'' of the liver. | |||
**Exceptions to the rule -- carcinoid syndrome without liver mets: ovarian NETs, bronchial NETs.<ref name=pmid1574032>{{Cite journal | last1 = Haq | first1 = AU. | last2 = Yook | first2 = CR. | last3 = Hiremath | first3 = V. | last4 = Kasimis | first4 = BS. | title = Carcinoid syndrome in the absence of liver metastasis: a case report and review of literature. | journal = Med Pediatr Oncol | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 221-3 | month = | year = 1992 | doi = | PMID = 1574032 }}</ref> | |||
===Clinical=== | ===Clinical=== | ||
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*Fibrosis of cardiac valves (tricuspid and pulmonary). | *Fibrosis of cardiac valves (tricuspid and pulmonary). | ||
**Result ''TIPS'' = '''t'''ricuspid '''i'''nsufficiency '''p'''ulmonary '''s'''tenosis. | **Result ''TIPS'' = '''t'''ricuspid '''i'''nsufficiency '''p'''ulmonary '''s'''tenosis. | ||
=Microscopic - generic= | =Microscopic - generic= | ||