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Difference between revisions of "Forensic pathology"
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</ref> the wedge points in the direction of the (impact) force. | </ref> the wedge points in the direction of the (impact) force. | ||
==Location== | ==Location or type== | ||
===Orbital floor fractures=== | ===Orbital floor fractures=== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''blow-out fractures''.<ref name=pmid17333039>{{Cite journal | last1 = Punke | first1 = C. | last2 = Fritsche | first2 = A. | last3 = Martin | first3 = H. | last4 = Schmitz | first4 = KP. | last5 = Pau | first5 = HW. | last6 = Kramp | first6 = B. | title = [Investigation of the mechanisms involved in isolated orbital floor fracture. Simulation using a finite element model of the human skull]. | journal = HNO | volume = 55 | issue = 12 | pages = 938-44 | month = Dec | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1007/s00106-007-1545-5 | PMID = 17333039 }}</ref> | *[[AKA]] ''blow-out fractures''.<ref name=pmid17333039>{{Cite journal | last1 = Punke | first1 = C. | last2 = Fritsche | first2 = A. | last3 = Martin | first3 = H. | last4 = Schmitz | first4 = KP. | last5 = Pau | first5 = HW. | last6 = Kramp | first6 = B. | title = [Investigation of the mechanisms involved in isolated orbital floor fracture. Simulation using a finite element model of the human skull]. | journal = HNO | volume = 55 | issue = 12 | pages = 938-44 | month = Dec | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1007/s00106-007-1545-5 | PMID = 17333039 }}</ref> | ||
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Note: | Note: | ||
*There is a dictum that states ''bilateral petrous bone fractures are due to impact to the side of the head'' - it isn't true.<ref name=pmid7391790>{{Cite journal | last1 = Harvey | first1 = FH. | last2 = Jones | first2 = AM. | title = Typical basal skull fracture of both petrous bones: an unreliable indicator of head impact site. | journal = J Forensic Sci | volume = 25 | issue = 2 | pages = 280-6 | month = Apr | year = 1980 | doi = | PMID = 7391790 }}</ref> | *There is a dictum that states ''bilateral petrous bone fractures are due to impact to the side of the head'' - it isn't true.<ref name=pmid7391790>{{Cite journal | last1 = Harvey | first1 = FH. | last2 = Jones | first2 = AM. | title = Typical basal skull fracture of both petrous bones: an unreliable indicator of head impact site. | journal = J Forensic Sci | volume = 25 | issue = 2 | pages = 280-6 | month = Apr | year = 1980 | doi = | PMID = 7391790 }}</ref> | ||
===Hinge fracture of the skull=== | |||
*A special type of [[basal skull fracture]]. | |||
*Complete hinge fractures are considered severe; they are a 4 on the ''abbreviated injury scale'' (AIS).<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Adams | first1 = VI. | last2 = Carrubba | first2 = C. | title = The Abbreviated Injury Scale: application to autopsy data. | journal = Am J Forensic Med Pathol | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 246-51 | month = Sep | year = 1998 | doi = | PMID = 9760090 }}</ref> | |||
*Classically due to a blow to the chin - resulting in a fracture across the medial fossa and sella turcica.<ref>URL: [http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Hinge_fracture_of_skull_is_seen_in_accidents_involving http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Hinge_fracture_of_skull_is_seen_in_accidents_involving]. Accessed on: 28 March 2012.</ref> | |||
=Autopsy= | =Autopsy= | ||