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Difference between revisions of "Forensic pathology"
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→Toxicology & biochemistry: more
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===Toxins=== | ===Toxins=== | ||
====Ethanol==== | ====Ethanol toxicity==== | ||
*Usually measured (in Canada) as: ''mass of EtOH (mg)/volume of blood (mL)''. | *Usually measured (in Canada) as: ''mass of EtOH (mg)/volume of blood (mL)''. | ||
**Limit (Ontario): 80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood (0.08 gm/100 mL).<ref>URL: [http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/safety/impaired/fact-sheet.shtml http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/safety/impaired/fact-sheet.shtml]. Accessed on: 28 September 2010.</ref> | **Limit (Ontario): 80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood (0.08 gm/100 mL).<ref>URL: [http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/safety/impaired/fact-sheet.shtml http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/safety/impaired/fact-sheet.shtml]. Accessed on: 28 September 2010.</ref> | ||
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**Ethanol's molar mass = 46.07 g/mol. | **Ethanol's molar mass = 46.07 g/mol. | ||
====Cocaine==== | ====Methanol toxicity==== | ||
*Minimum lethal dose: 40 mg/dl.<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case242/dx.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case242/dx.html. Accessed on: 13 January 2012.</ref> | |||
*Typically an accidental death; person consumes methanol as an ethanol substitute. | |||
*Blindness. | |||
*Putamen necrosis (bilateral).<ref name=pmid16484428>{{Cite journal | last1 = Blanco | first1 = M. | last2 = Casado | first2 = R. | last3 = Vázquez | first3 = F. | last4 = Pumar | first4 = JM. | title = CT and MR imaging findings in methanol intoxication. | journal = AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 452-4 | month = Feb | year = 2006 | doi = | PMID = 16484428 }}</ref> | |||
*+/-Pancreatic injury.<ref name=pmid10866330>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hantson | first1 = P. | last2 = Mahieu | first2 = P. | title = Pancreatic injury following acute methanol poisoning. | journal = J Toxicol Clin Toxicol | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 297-303 | month = | year = 2000 | doi = | PMID = 10866330 }}</ref> | |||
====Cocaine toxicity==== | |||
*No agreed upon toxic dose<ref name=pmid15075681>{{cite journal |author=Stephens BG, Jentzen JM, Karch S, Wetli CV, Mash DC |title=National Association of Medical Examiners position paper on the certification of cocaine-related deaths |journal=Am J Forensic Med Pathol |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=11–3 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=15075681 |doi= |url=}}</ref> - due to tolerance. | *No agreed upon toxic dose<ref name=pmid15075681>{{cite journal |author=Stephens BG, Jentzen JM, Karch S, Wetli CV, Mash DC |title=National Association of Medical Examiners position paper on the certification of cocaine-related deaths |journal=Am J Forensic Med Pathol |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=11–3 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=15075681 |doi= |url=}}</ref> - due to tolerance. | ||
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*+/-Cardiac hypertrophy. | *+/-Cardiac hypertrophy. | ||
====Ethylene glycol==== | ====Ethylene glycol toxicity==== | ||
:For a more general discussion see ''[[Crystals_in_body_fluids#Urine_crystals|urine crystals]]'' | :For a more general discussion see ''[[Crystals_in_body_fluids#Urine_crystals|urine crystals]]'' | ||
*Not done in routine toxicology screening. | *Not done in routine toxicology screening. | ||