Urinary bladder

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The urinary bladder stores urine until one has to go wee-wee.

It is commonly afflicted by cancer.

A well-know mimicker of cancer is malakoplakia.[1]

Normal

Microscopic

  • Muscularis mucosae - thin, discontinuous.
  • Fat - many be in lamina propria.

Note:

  • On TURBT - don't ever call T3.

Urinary bladder cancer

The most common type of cancer to affect the bladder is urothelial carcinoma. This is covered in the urothelium article.

Risk factors for bladder cancer SEX LIC:

  • Schistomsoma haematobium - esp. squamous cell carcinoma.[2]
  • EXtrophy of the bladder.
  • Lithiasis.
  • Indwelling catheter or chronic Inflammation.[2]
  • Cyclophosphamide.

DDx:

Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder

General

  • Strong association with Schistosoma haematobium.[2]
    • Common in areas with S. haematobium.
    • Uncommon in areas without S. haematobium.

Microscopic

Features:

Urachal carcinoma

General

  • Rare.[3]
  • Classically - dome of bladder lesion.
  • Younger <55 years-old.

Microscopic

Patterns

  • Enteric - looks like colonic adenocarcinoma.
  • Mucinous.
  • Signet ring.

DDx:

  • Metastatic adenocarcinoma/adenocarcinoma extending from another structure.
  • Adenocarcinoma arising from the urinary bladder.

Images

Urinary bladder infarct

General

  • Case report rare - as the organ has many colaterals.[4]

Microscopic

Features:[4]

  • Necrosis without liquefaction.
    • Outlines of cells visible.
    • No nuclei present.

Note:

  • Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.[4]

See also

References

  1. Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ (2006). "From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics 26 (6): 1847–68. doi:10.1148/rg.266065126. PMID 17102055.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Michaud, DS.. "Chronic inflammation and bladder cancer.". Urol Oncol 25 (3): 260-8. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2006.10.002. PMID 17483025.
  3. Ashley, RA.; Inman, BA.; Sebo, TJ.; Leibovich, BC.; Blute, ML.; Kwon, ED.; Zincke, H. (Aug 2006). "Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy.". Cancer 107 (4): 712-20. doi:10.1002/cncr.22060. PMID 16826585.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Nino-Murcia, M.; Friedland, GW. (1988). "Bladder infarct.". Urol Radiol 9 (4): 234-6. PMID 3394185.