Difference between revisions of "Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis"
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**[[Diabetes mellitus]]. | **[[Diabetes mellitus]]. | ||
**History of UTI.<ref name=pmid17987581>{{cite journal |author=Afgan F, Mumtaz S, Ather MH |title=Preoperative diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis |journal=Urol J |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=169–73 |year=2007 |pmid=17987581 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | **History of UTI.<ref name=pmid17987581>{{cite journal |author=Afgan F, Mumtaz S, Ather MH |title=Preoperative diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis |journal=Urol J |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=169–73 |year=2007 |pmid=17987581 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Nephrolithiasis. | **[[Nephrolithiasis]]. | ||
**GU obstruction.<ref name=pmid17098659>{{cite journal |author=Al-Ghazo MA, Ghalayini IF, Matalka II, Al-Kaisi NS, Khader YS |title=Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Analysis of 18 cases |journal=Asian J Surg |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=257–61 |year=2006 |month=October |pmid=17098659 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | **GU obstruction.<ref name=pmid17098659>{{cite journal |author=Al-Ghazo MA, Ghalayini IF, Matalka II, Al-Kaisi NS, Khader YS |title=Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Analysis of 18 cases |journal=Asian J Surg |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=257–61 |year=2006 |month=October |pmid=17098659 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Occasionally an indication of nephrectomy.<ref name=pmid17987581/><ref name=pmid17098659/> | *Occasionally an indication of nephrectomy.<ref name=pmid17987581/><ref name=pmid17098659/> | ||
Revision as of 13:15, 5 April 2014
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, abbreviated XGP, is an inflammatory process of the kidney that can mimic renal cell carcinoma.
General
- May mimic renal cell carcinoma - especially radiologically.
- Usually lower pole.[citation needed]
- Associated with:
- Diabetes mellitus.
- History of UTI.[1]
- Nephrolithiasis.
- GU obstruction.[2]
- Occasionally an indication of nephrectomy.[1][2]
- Most common organism (in the context of nephrectomy specimens) - Proteus mirabilis.[2]
Microscopic
- Abundant macrophages.
- +/-Giant cells.
DDx:
- Malakoplakia.
- Basophilic inclusions -- inside or outside of macrophages - often size of RBC or larger (Michaelis-Gutmann bodies).
- RCC - especially PRCC (as this has foamy macrophages).
- Granulomatous disease.
- Chronic pyelonephritis.
- Interstitial nephritis.
Image
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis - CD68 stain. (WC/Nephron)
Stains
- PAS-D -ve.
- Done to look for malakoplakia.
IHC
- CD68 +ve.
- RCC markers (CD10, RCC) all negative.
Sign out
RIGHT KIDNEY, NEPHRECTOMY: - XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS. - CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS. - INCREASED NUMBERS OF TOTALLY SCLEROSED GLOMERULI AND GLOMERULI WITH FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS. - MARKED INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS. - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. COMMENT: Immunostaining demonstrates abundant CD68 positive cells (macrophages). A CD10 immunostain is non-concerning (it highlights glomeruli). A pankeratin immunostain is non-concerning (it highlights benign renal tubules).
Compatible XGP
"KIDNEY" LESION, LEFT, BIOPSY: - FIBROMUSCULAR TISSUE WITH A MIXED INFLAMMATORY INFILTRATE. - CELLULAR DEBRIS WITH SURROUNDING LOOSELY AGGREGATED HISTIOCYTES. - NO RENAL PARENCHYMA IDENTIFIED. - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. COMMENT: A SMA immunostain highlights the muscle component, and a CD68 immunostain marks abundant histiocytes. No epithelial component is identified with a pankeratin immunostain.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Afgan F, Mumtaz S, Ather MH (2007). "Preoperative diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis". Urol J 4 (3): 169–73. PMID 17987581.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Al-Ghazo MA, Ghalayini IF, Matalka II, Al-Kaisi NS, Khader YS (October 2006). "Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Analysis of 18 cases". Asian J Surg 29 (4): 257–61. PMID 17098659.