Difference between revisions of "Sudden natural death"

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==By system==
==By system==
===Respiratory<ref name=pmid16410164>{{cite journal |author=de la Grandmaison GL |title=Is there progress in the autopsy diagnosis of sudden unexpected death in adults? |journal=Forensic Sci. Int. |volume=156 |issue=2-3 |pages=138–44 |year=2006 |month=January |pmid=16410164 |doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.12.024 |url=}}</ref>===
===Respiratory<ref name=pmid16410164>{{cite journal |author=de la Grandmaison GL |title=Is there progress in the autopsy diagnosis of sudden unexpected death in adults? |journal=Forensic Sci. Int. |volume=156 |issue=2-3 |pages=138–44 |year=2006 |month=January |pmid=16410164 |doi=10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.12.024 |url=}}</ref>===
*Anaphylaxis.  
*[[Anaphylaxis]].  
*Asthma.
*[[Asthma]].
*Pulmonary embolism.
*[[Pulmonary embolism]].


===Cerebral===
===Cerebral===
*SUDEP (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy).
*[[SUDEP]] (sudden unexpected death in [[epilepsy]]).


===Cardiac===
===Sudden cardiac death===
====Older====
====Older====
*Atherosclerotic heart disease (ASHD); [[AKA]] coronary artery disease (CAD).  
*[[Atherosclerotic heart disease]] (ASHD); [[AKA]] coronary artery disease (CAD).  
*[[Hypertension]] - a heart > ~400 g is considered good enough if nothing else is present.<ref>MSP. 29 September 2010.</ref>
*[[Hypertensive heart disease]] - a heart > ~400 g is considered good enough if nothing else is present.<ref>MSP. 29 September 2010.</ref>


====Younger====
====Younger====
*Right ventricular cardiomyopathy.
*[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy]].
*Dilated cardiomyopathy.
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], e.g. [[hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] (HOCM).


Notes:
Notes:
*The mechanism is usually arrhythmia; this is usually not provable at autopsy.
*The mechanism is usually [[cardiac arrhythmia|arrhythmia]].
**Generally, this is usually not provable at [[autopsy]]; however, some findings have been proposed.<ref name=pmid15837088>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Baroldi | first1 = G. | last2 = Silver | first2 = MD. | last3 = Parolini | first3 = M. | last4 = Pomara | first4 = C. | last5 = Turillazzi | first5 = E. | last6 = Fineschi | first6 = V. | title = Myofiberbreak-up: a marker of ventricular fibrillation in sudden cardiac death. | journal = Int J Cardiol | volume = 100 | issue = 3 | pages = 435-41 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.10.007 | PMID = 15837088 }}</ref>


====Detailed cardiac<ref name=pmid16410164/>====
====Detailed cardiac<ref name=pmid16410164/>====
*ASHD,
*[[ASHD]].
*Cardiomyopathy.
*[[Cardiomyopathy]].
**Hypertrophic CM.
**[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]].
**[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy]] (ARVCM).
**[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy]] (ARVC).
**Dilated [[cardiomyopathy]] (DCM).
**[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]] (DCM).
*Lymphocytic myocarditis.  
*[[Lymphocytic myocarditis]].  
*Floppy mitral valve (MV).
*[[Floppy mitral valve]].
*Aortic valve stenosis.
*[[Aortic valve stenosis]].
*Congenital cardiac abnormality.
*Congenital cardiac abnormality.
*Coronary artery dissection.  
*Coronary artery dissection.  
*Aortic dissection.
*[[Aortic dissection]].
*Arrhythmia.<ref>URL: [http://www.sads.org.uk/causes_of_sads.htm http://www.sads.org.uk/causes_of_sads.htm]. Accessed on: 29 September 2010.</ref>  
*[[Cardic arrhythmia|Arrhythmia]].<ref>URL: [http://www.sads.org.uk/causes_of_sads.htm http://www.sads.org.uk/causes_of_sads.htm]. Accessed on: 29 September 2010.</ref>  
**Long QT syndrome.  
**Long QT syndrome.  
**Brugada syndrome.  
**Brugada syndrome.  
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**Sodium channel disease.
**Sodium channel disease.
**Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation.
**Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation.
*Tumours.
**[[Cystic tumour of the atrioventricular nodal region]].


Post-mortem (molecular) testing for arrhythmias:<ref>MSP. 29 September 2010:</ref>
Post-mortem (molecular) testing for arrhythmias:<ref>MSP. 29 September 2010:</ref>
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*Ruptured AAA.
*Ruptured AAA.
*Peptic ulcer.  
*Peptic ulcer.  
*Cerebral aneurysm.
*[[Cerebral aneurysm]].


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Forensic pathology]].
*[[Forensic pathology]].
*[[Channelopathies]].


==Reference==
==Reference==
{{reflist|1}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Autopsy]]
[[Category:Autopsy]]

Latest revision as of 05:18, 21 July 2016

Sudden natural death happens. It must be differentiated from other ways of dying (suicide, homicide, accidental).

By system

Respiratory[1]

Cerebral

Sudden cardiac death

Older

Younger

Notes:

  • The mechanism is usually arrhythmia.
    • Generally, this is usually not provable at autopsy; however, some findings have been proposed.[3]

Detailed cardiac[1]

Post-mortem (molecular) testing for arrhythmias:[5]

  • CPVT.
  • Sodium channel disease.
  • Brugada syndrome.

By mechanism

Hemorrhagic[1]

See also

Reference

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 de la Grandmaison GL (January 2006). "Is there progress in the autopsy diagnosis of sudden unexpected death in adults?". Forensic Sci. Int. 156 (2-3): 138–44. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.12.024. PMID 16410164.
  2. ↑ MSP. 29 September 2010.
  3. ↑ Baroldi, G.; Silver, MD.; Parolini, M.; Pomara, C.; Turillazzi, E.; Fineschi, V. (Apr 2005). "Myofiberbreak-up: a marker of ventricular fibrillation in sudden cardiac death.". Int J Cardiol 100 (3): 435-41. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.10.007. PMID 15837088.
  4. ↑ URL: http://www.sads.org.uk/causes_of_sads.htm. Accessed on: 29 September 2010.
  5. ↑ MSP. 29 September 2010:
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