Florid epithelial hyperplasia

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Florid epithelial hyperplasia
Diagnosis in short

Proliferative fibrocystic changes (florid epithelial hyperplasia together with fibrocystic breast changes). H&E stain.

Synonyms florid epithelial hyperplasia of the usual type, usual ductal hyperplasia, moderate epithelial hyperplasia

LM breast glands with more than four cell layers above the basement membrane with irregular cell spacing (e.g. streaming), slit-like lumina (esp. at the periphery of the duct), no DCIS-like architecture (not cribriform, not papillary, not micropapillary, not solid), no nuclear atypia - usually no nucleoli
LM DDx mild epithelial hyperplasia, atypical ductal hyperplasia, cribriform ductal carcinoma in situ
IHC ER "low" (see below), CK5 "high" (see below)
Site breast

Associated Dx fibrocystic breast changes (FEH + FCC = proliferative fibrocystic changes)
Clinical history usually an incidental finding
Prevalence common
Prognosis benign, increased risk of breast cancer

Florid epithelial hyperplasia, abbreviated FEH, is a common benign breast pathology finding that is associated with a mild increased risk of breast cancer.

It is also known as florid epithelial hyperplasia of the usual type (abbreviated FEHUT) and usual ductal hyperplasia (abbreviated UDH).

Confusingly, it may be referred to as epithelial hyperplasia, term that is best avoided, as it could lead to confusion with mild epithelial hyperplasia.

Moderate epithelial hyperplasia redirects to this article, as it is usually lumped with FEH. Proliferative fibrocystic changes (abbreviated PFCC) redirects to this article.

General

Note:

  • Moderate epithelial hyperplasia redirects to this section.
    • It is generally not separated from FEH, as the prognosis is thought to be the same.

Microscopic

Features:[2]

  • Breast glands with more than four cell layers above the basement membrane - key feature.
  • Irregular cell spacing; streaming.
  • Slit-like lumina, esp. at the periphery of the duct.
  • No DCIS-like architecture (not cribriform, not papillary, not micropapillary, not solid).
  • No nuclear atypia - usually no nucleoli.

Memory device CLEAN:

  • Cell spacing is irregular, Lumina are slit-like, Extent is less than 2 mm or 2 ducts, Architecture not DCIS-like, Nuclear atypia not present.

DDx:

Images

IHC

Features:[3]

  • ER "low".
  • CK5 "high".

Where:

  • ER "high" = diffuse strong staining in >90% of cells.
  • CK5 "high" = mosaic pattern of staining in >20% of cells
  • CK5 "low" = absent or staining in <20% of cells.

Note:

  • ADH/DCIS:
    • ER "high"
    • CK5 "low".

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A. Left Breast (795 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty:
- Benign breast tissue with usual ductal hyperplasia and skin within normal limits.

B. Right Breast (685 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty:
- Benign breast tissue and skin within normal limits.

UDH with cystic changes

A. Right Breast (570 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty:
- Benign breast tissue with proliferative fibrocystic changes.
- Benign skin.

B. Left Breast (580 grams), Reduction Mammoplasty:
- Breast tissue and skin within normal limits.

Note:

See also

References

  1. Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 542. ISBN 978-1416054542.
  2. O'Malley, Frances P.; Pinder, Sarah E. (2006). Breast Pathology: A Volume in Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology series (1st ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 159-160. ISBN 978-0443066801.
  3. Grin, A.; O'Malley, FP.; Mulligan, AM. (Nov 2009). "Cytokeratin 5 and estrogen receptor immunohistochemistry as a useful adjunct in identifying atypical papillary lesions on breast needle core biopsy.". Am J Surg Pathol 33 (11): 1615-23. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3181aec446. PMID 19675450.