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== | ==C4d staining== | ||
* | ===General=== | ||
*Acute rejection associated with C4d staining.<ref name=pmid1747954>Vascular deposition of complement-split products in kidney allografts with cell-mediated rejection. Feucht HE, Felber E, Gokel MJ, Hillebrand G, Nattermann U, Brockmeyer C, Held E, Riethmüller G, Land W, Albert E. Clin Exp Immunol. 1991 Dec;86(3):464-70. PMID 1747954.</ref> | |||
*Mean graft survival is ~4 years for C4d+ interstitial capillaries vs. ~8 years for C4d- renal grafts.<ref name=pmid11135088>Impact of humoral alloreactivity early after transplantation on the long-term survival of renal allografts. Lederer SR, Kluth-Pepper B, Schneeberger H, Albert E, Land W, Feucht HE. Kidney Int. 2001 Jan;59(1):334-41. PMID 11135088.</ref> | *Mean graft survival is ~4 years for C4d+ interstitial capillaries vs. ~8 years for C4d- renal grafts.<ref name=pmid11135088>Impact of humoral alloreactivity early after transplantation on the long-term survival of renal allografts. Lederer SR, Kluth-Pepper B, Schneeberger H, Albert E, Land W, Feucht HE. Kidney Int. 2001 Jan;59(1):334-41. PMID 11135088.</ref> | ||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref>URL: [http://www.humpath.com/spip.php?article14451 http://www.humpath.com/spip.php?article14451]. Accessed on: 22 November 2011.</ref> | |||
*Diffuse cytoplasmic C4d staining of the peritubular capillaries. | |||
Image: | |||
*[http://www.humpath.com/spip.php?article14451 Positive C4d staining (humpath.com)]. | |||
==Acute rejection== | ==Acute rejection== |
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