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Difference between revisions of "Esophagus"
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==Indications== | ==Indications== | ||
*Pyrosis = heartburn.<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pyrosis http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pyrosis]</ref> | *Pyrosis = heartburn.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pyrosis http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pyrosis]. Accessed on: 21 June 2010.</ref> | ||
==Infection== | ==Infection== | ||
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===Candidiasis=== | ===Candidiasis=== | ||
Microscopic: | |||
*Worm-like micro-organisms. | *Worm-like micro-organisms. | ||
Image: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Esophageal_candidiasis_(2)_PAS_stain.jpg Esophageal candidiasis] | Image: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Esophageal_candidiasis_(2)_PAS_stain.jpg Esophageal candidiasis (WC)]. | ||
==Barrett's esophagus== | ==Barrett's esophagus== | ||
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*Metaplastic transformation of stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells. | *Metaplastic transformation of stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells. | ||
=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | |||
*Columnar epithelium. | *Columnar epithelium. | ||
*Goblets cells -- '''key feature'''. | *Goblets cells -- '''key feature'''. | ||
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===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
Features: | |||
*Nuclear changes. | *Nuclear changes. | ||
**Nuclear hyperchromatism. | **Nuclear hyperchromatism. | ||
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Associations: | Associations: | ||
*Atopy.<ref>GLP | *Atopy.<ref name=Ref_GLP19>{{Ref GLP|19}}</ref> | ||
*Celiac disease.<ref name=pmid19841598> | *Celiac disease.<ref name=pmid19841598>{{cite journal |author=Leslie C, Mews C, Charles A, Ravikumara M |title=Celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis: a true association |journal=J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=397–9 |year=2010 |month=April |pmid=19841598 |doi=10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181a70af4 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Oral antigens, i.e. particular foods.<ref name=pmid19596009/> | *Oral antigens, i.e. particular foods.<ref name=pmid19596009/> | ||
*Familial association.<ref name=pmid19596009/> | *Familial association.<ref name=pmid19596009/> | ||
===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
Features:<ref>GLP | Features:<ref name=Ref_GLP19>{{Ref GLP|19}}</ref> | ||
*Mucosa with abundant eosinophils: > 20/HPF. | *Mucosa with abundant eosinophils: > 20/HPF. | ||
*Basal cell hyperplasia. | *Basal cell hyperplasia. | ||