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Difference between revisions of "Bladder cancer staging"
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Bladder cancer staging (view source)
Revision as of 16:04, 11 November 2025
, 16:04, 11 November 2025→TNM staging system
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**T2 is typically managed with a [[radical cystectomy]] or [[radical cystoprostatectomy]]. | **T2 is typically managed with a [[radical cystectomy]] or [[radical cystoprostatectomy]]. | ||
*Upstaging based on cystectomy/cytoprostatectomy pathology common - range 20-80%.<ref name=pmid22321341>{{Cite journal | last1 = Turker | first1 = P. | last2 = Bostrom | first2 = PJ. | last3 = Wroclawski | first3 = ML. | last4 = van Rhijn | first4 = B. | last5 = Kortekangas | first5 = H. | last6 = Kuk | first6 = C. | last7 = Mirtti | first7 = T. | last8 = Fleshner | first8 = NE. | last9 = Jewett | first9 = MA. | title = Upstaging of urothelial cancer at the time of radical cystectomy: factors associated with upstaging and its effect on outcome. | journal = BJU Int | volume = 110 | issue = 6 | pages = 804-11 | month = Sep | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.10939.x | PMID = 22321341 }}</ref> | *Upstaging based on cystectomy/cytoprostatectomy pathology common - range 20-80%.<ref name=pmid22321341>{{Cite journal | last1 = Turker | first1 = P. | last2 = Bostrom | first2 = PJ. | last3 = Wroclawski | first3 = ML. | last4 = van Rhijn | first4 = B. | last5 = Kortekangas | first5 = H. | last6 = Kuk | first6 = C. | last7 = Mirtti | first7 = T. | last8 = Fleshner | first8 = NE. | last9 = Jewett | first9 = MA. | title = Upstaging of urothelial cancer at the time of radical cystectomy: factors associated with upstaging and its effect on outcome. | journal = BJU Int | volume = 110 | issue = 6 | pages = 804-11 | month = Sep | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.10939.x | PMID = 22321341 }}</ref> | ||
*Not all fat is perivesicular. Fat within the bladder wall (submucosa) is well-described.<ref name=pmid19820494>{{cite journal |authors=Thickman D |title=Fat within the wall of the urinary bladder: computed tomographic appearance |journal=J Comput Assist Tomogr |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=695–7 |date=2009 |pmid=19820494 |doi=10.1097/RCT.0b013e31818d8de6 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid23142003>{{cite journal |authors=Kriegshauser JS, Conley CR, Hentz JG |title=Bladder wall fat on computed tomography with pathologic correlation |journal=Clin Imaging |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=509–13 |date=2013 |pmid=23142003 |doi=10.1016/j.clinimag.2012.10.001 |url=}}</ref> | |||
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