Bladder cancer staging

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Schematic showing the T stages in bladder cancer. (WC/CRUK)

The article deals with bladder cancer staging. A general discussion about staging is found in cancer staging.

General

TNM staging system

Tumour

T stage Criteria
Ta non-invasive papillary carcinoma
Tis carcinoma in situ
T1 lamina propria invasion
T2 muscularis propria invasion
T3a microscopic extravesicular invasion
T3b macroscopic extravesicular invasion
T4a extension into the uterus, vagina or prostate
T4b extension into the abdominal wall or pelvic wall

Notes:

Nodes

N stage Criteria
N1 one regional lymph node metastasis
N2 more than one regional lymph node metastasis
N3 metastasis to the common iliac lymph nodes

See also

References

  1. Bruins, HM.; Visser, O.; Ploeg, M.; Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, CA.; Kiemeney, LA.; Witjes, JA. (Oct 2012). "The clinical epidemiology of urachal carcinoma: results of a large, population based study.". J Urol 188 (4): 1102-7. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2012.06.020. PMID 22901574.
  2. Turker, P.; Bostrom, PJ.; Wroclawski, ML.; van Rhijn, B.; Kortekangas, H.; Kuk, C.; Mirtti, T.; Fleshner, NE. et al. (Sep 2012). "Upstaging of urothelial cancer at the time of radical cystectomy: factors associated with upstaging and its effect on outcome.". BJU Int 110 (6): 804-11. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.10939.x. PMID 22321341.

External links