Difference between revisions of "Astrocytoma"

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Astrocytoma (view source)

Revision as of 09:10, 4 April 2022

3,293 bytes removed ,  09:10, 4 April 2022
moved Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered to its new category
(Category update)
(moved Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered to its new category)
Line 136: Line 136:
* Mostly in children and adolescents.
* Mostly in children and adolescents.
* Includes diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DPIG).
* Includes diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DPIG).
* Newly defined entity since WHO 2016 classification.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Louis | first1 = DN. | last2 = Perry | first2 = A. | last3 = Reifenberger | first3 = G. | last4 = von Deimling | first4 = A. | last5 = Figarella-Branger | first5 = D. | last6 = Cavenee | first6 = WK. | last7 = Ohgaki | first7 = H. | last8 = Wiestler | first8 = OD. | last9 = Kleihues | first9 = P. | title = The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. | journal = Acta Neuropathol | volume = 131 | issue = 6 | pages = 803-20 | month = Jun | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1 | PMID = 27157931 }}</ref>
* Distinct biological and clinical group with poor prognosis.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Khuong-Quang | first1 = DA. | last2 = Buczkowicz | first2 = P. | last3 = Rakopoulos | first3 = P. | last4 = Liu | first4 = XY. | last5 = Fontebasso | first5 = AM. | last6 = Bouffet | first6 = E. | last7 = Bartels | first7 = U. | last8 = Albrecht | first8 = S. | last9 = Schwartzentruber | first9 = J. | title = K27M mutation in histone H3.3 defines clinically and biologically distinct subgroups of pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. | journal = Acta Neuropathol | volume = 124 | issue = 3 | pages = 439-47 | month = Sep | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-012-0998-0 | PMID = 22661320 }}</ref>
** EGFR amplification is usu. absent.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Meyronet | first1 = D. | last2 = Esteban-Mader | first2 = M. | last3 = Bonnet | first3 = C. | last4 = Joly | first4 = MO. | last5 = Uro-Coste | first5 = E. | last6 = Amiel-Benouaich | first6 = A. | last7 = Forest | first7 = F. | last8 = Rousselot-Denis | first8 = C. | last9 = Burel-Vandenbos | first9 = F. | title = Characteristics of H3 K27M-mutant gliomas in adults. | journal = Neuro Oncol | volume = 19 | issue = 8 | pages = 1127-1134 | month = Aug | year = 2017 | doi = 10.1093/neuonc/now274 | PMID = 28201752 }}</ref>
** Tumors usu. have unmethylated MGMT promotor.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Banan | first1 = R. | last2 = Christians | first2 = A. | last3 = Bartels | first3 = S. | last4 = Lehmann | first4 = U. | last5 = Hartmann | first5 = C. | title = Absence of MGMT promoter methylation in diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant. | journal = Acta Neuropathol Commun | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 98 | month = 12 | year = 2017 | doi = 10.1186/s40478-017-0500-2 | PMID = 29246238 }}</ref>
* MRI: May be or be not enhancing.
*Histologic spectrum ranges from minimal hypercellularity to full-blown glioblastoma.


Note: Cases may also appear outside midline structures and in adult patients.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nakata | first1 = S. | last2 = Nobusawa | first2 = S. | last3 = Yamazaki | first3 = T. | last4 = Osawa | first4 = T. | last5 = Horiguchi | first5 = K. | last6 = Hashiba | first6 = Y. | last7 = Yaoita | first7 = H. | last8 = Matsumura | first8 = N. | last9 = Ikota | first9 = H. | title = Histone H3 K27M mutations in adult cerebellar high-grade gliomas. | journal = Brain Tumor Pathol | volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = 113-119 | month = Jul | year = 2017 | doi = 10.1007/s10014-017-0288-6 | PMID = 28547652 }}</ref>
{{Main|Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered}}
 
<gallery>
File:K27M mutant diffuse glioma of the midline.jpg|Nuclear [[H3F3A]] K27M immunostaining in a diffuse glioma of the midline. (WC/jensflorian)
</gallery>


==Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant==
==Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant==
Jensflorian
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