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**Less prone to false positives. | **Less prone to false positives. | ||
***Negative controls not needed or infrequently required.<ref name=pmid24714041>{{Cite journal | last1 = Torlakovic | first1 = EE. | last2 = Francis | first2 = G. | last3 = Garratt | first3 = J. | last4 = Gilks | first4 = B. | last5 = Hyjek | first5 = E. | last6 = Ibrahim | first6 = M. | last7 = Miller | first7 = R. | last8 = Nielsen | first8 = S. | last9 = Petcu | first9 = EB. | title = Standardization of negative controls in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: recommendations from the international ad hoc expert panel. | journal = Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 241-52 | month = Apr | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000069 | PMID = 24714041 }}</ref> | ***Negative controls not needed or infrequently required.<ref name=pmid24714041>{{Cite journal | last1 = Torlakovic | first1 = EE. | last2 = Francis | first2 = G. | last3 = Garratt | first3 = J. | last4 = Gilks | first4 = B. | last5 = Hyjek | first5 = E. | last6 = Ibrahim | first6 = M. | last7 = Miller | first7 = R. | last8 = Nielsen | first8 = S. | last9 = Petcu | first9 = EB. | title = Standardization of negative controls in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: recommendations from the international ad hoc expert panel. | journal = Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 241-52 | month = Apr | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000069 | PMID = 24714041 }}</ref> | ||
===Signal assessment=== | |||
*Manual vas automated. | |||
*Choice of chromogen | |||
**Dynamic range of DAB is 1-2logs vs. fluorescent probes 2-3logs. | |||
**Protein expression range can be up to 4 logs in gene amplification (information is missed in IHC). | |||
**FastRed stains are more suited in melanocytic tumors than DAB. | |||
*Cutoffs for "intensity" and for "positive" staining. | |||
==Quality control== | ==Quality control== |