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Difference between revisions of "Thyroid gland"
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→Microscopic: reword
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Features: | Features: | ||
*Nuclear changes - '''key feature'''. | *Nuclear changes - '''key feature'''. | ||
* | *#"Shrivelled nuclei"/"raisin" like nuclei, nuclei with a wavy nuclear membrane -- usu. easy to find. | ||
*#[[Nuclear inclusions]] - usu. harder to find; have high specificity. | |||
* | *#Nuclear grooves. | ||
**Nuclear clearing (only on permanent section) - also known as "Orphan Annie eyes". | *#Nuclear clearing (only on permanent section) - also known as "Orphan Annie eyes". | ||
*Overlap of nuclei - "cells do not respect each other's borders" (easy to see at '''key feature at low power'''). | *Overlap of nuclei - "cells do not respect each other's borders" (easy to see at '''key feature at low power'''). | ||
*Classically has papillae (nipple-like shape). | *Classically has papillae (nipple-like shape); papilla (definition): epithelium on fibrovascular core. | ||
**Absence of papillae does not exclude diagnosis. | **Absence of papillae does not exclude diagnosis. | ||
*[[Psammoma bodies]]. | *[[Psammoma bodies]]. | ||
**Circular, acellular, eosinophilic whorled bodies. | **Circular, acellular, eosinophilic whorled bodies. | ||
**Not necessary to make diagnosis. | **Not necessary to make diagnosis - but very specific in the context of a specimen labeled "thyroid". | ||
**Arise from infarction & calcification of papilla tips.<ref name=Ref_Sternberg4_565>{{Ref Sternberg4|565}}</ref> | **Arise from infarction & calcification of papilla tips.<ref name=Ref_Sternberg4_565>{{Ref Sternberg4|565}}</ref> | ||
Notes: | Notes: | ||
*Psammoma bodies are awesome if you see 'em, i.e. useful for arriving at the diagnosis. | *Psammoma bodies are awesome if you see 'em, i.e. useful for arriving at the diagnosis. | ||
**If there are no papillae structures -- you're unlikely to see | **If there are no papillae structures -- you're unlikely to see psammoma bodies. | ||
*At low power look for cellular areas/loss of follicles. | *At low power look for cellular areas/loss of follicles. | ||
*Nuclear clearing seen in: | *Nuclear clearing seen in: | ||