Difference between revisions of "Urothelium"

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Urothelium (view source)

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==Cystitis cystica==
==Cystitis cystica==
===General===
{{Main|Cystitis cystica}}
*Benign.
*Can be thought of as [[von Brunn nests]] with cystic change.<ref name=Ref_WMSP304>{{Ref WMSP|304}}</ref>
*Called ''[[ureteritis cystica]]'' if it happens in a [[ureter]].
**There is also a ''urethritis cystica'' - seen in the [[urethra]].<ref name=pmid22397870>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Conces | first1 = MR. | last2 = Williamson | first2 = SR. | last3 = Montironi | first3 = R. | last4 = Lopez-Beltran | first4 = A. | last5 = Scarpelli | first5 = M. | last6 = Cheng | first6 = L. | title = Urethral caruncle: clinicopathologic features of 41 cases. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 43 | issue = 9 | pages = 1400-4 | month = Sep | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.10.015 | PMID = 22397870 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD1028>{{Ref PBoD|1028}}</ref>
*Nests of urothelium within the lamina propria with cyst formation, i.e. lumens are present.
 
Note:
*Nests should '''not''' extend into the muscularis propria.
 
DDx:
*[[Nested urothelial carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid19800100>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Wasco | first1 = MJ. | last2 = Daignault | first2 = S. | last3 = Bradley | first3 = D. | last4 = Shah | first4 = RB. | title = Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 30 pure and mixed cases. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 163-71 | month = Feb | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.07.015 | PMID = 19800100 }}
</ref>
 
Image:
*[http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=1&Case=50 Cystitis cystica (webpathology.com)].
 
===Sign out===
<pre>
URINARY BLADDER, BIOPSY:
- CYSTITIS CYSTICA.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
<pre>
URINARY BLADDER, TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION:
- CYSTITIS CYSTICA ET GLANDULARIS, FOCALLY WITH LARGE THIN-WALLED CYSTS.
- PROMINENT BENIGN DILATED SUPERFICIAL BLOOD VESSELS, FOCAL.
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
<pre>
URINARY BLADDER (TRIGONE), TRANSURETHRAL BIOPSY:
- SMALL POLYPOID FRAGMENT OF UROTHELIUM CONSISTENT WITH CYSTITIS CYSTICA.
- NO SQUAMOUS METAPLASTIC CHANGE IDENTIFIED.
- NO EVIDENCE OF MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
 
====Micro====
The sections show a small fragment of urothelial mucosa with small urothelial nests that are focally cystic.  The nests are well-circumscribed and approximately of equal size. Adjacent to the nests is a small cluster of bland appearing lymphocytes.
 
No exophytic component is identified. No papillary structures are apparent. The cytomorphology of the urothelium is bland and no mitotic activity is readily apparent.


==Cystitis glandularis==
==Cystitis glandularis==
Michael
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