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Difference between revisions of "Gallbladder carcinoma"
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Gallbladder carcinoma (view source)
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'''Gallbladder carcinoma''' is a malignant epithelial neoplasm arising from the [[gallbladder]]. Most gallbladder carcinomas are [[adenocarcinoma]]s. | |||
==General== | |||
*Uncommon. | |||
Treatment: | |||
*Cholecystectomy +/- lymph nodes +/- partial hepatectomy.<ref name=pmid20639849>{{Cite journal | last1 = Biswas | first1 = PK. | title = Carcinoma gallbladder. | journal = Mymensingh Med J | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 477-81 | month = Jul | year = 2010 | doi = | PMID = 20639849 }}</ref> | |||
===Epidemiology=== | |||
*Associated with [[gallstones]]. | |||
*Increased risk in [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]]. | |||
*Sex: female > male. | |||
*Location: usually fundus, sometimes body. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Diffuse calcification of gallbladder wall, [[AKA]] "porcelain gallbladder" is '''not''' associated with carcinoma - based on a series of 10,741 cholecystectomies.<ref name=pmid11206901>{{cite journal |author=Towfigh S, McFadden DW, Cortina GR, ''et al'' |title=Porcelain gallbladder is not associated with gallbladder carcinoma |journal=Am Surg |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=7?0 |year=2001 |month=January |pmid=11206901 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**Focal mucosal calcification ''is'' associated with malignancy.<ref name=pmid11391368>{{Cite journal | last1 = Stephen | first1 = AE. | last2 = Berger | first2 = DL. | title = Carcinoma in the porcelain gallbladder: a relationship revisited. | journal = Surgery | volume = 129 | issue = 6 | pages = 699-703 | month = Jun | year = 2001 | doi = 10.1067/msy.2001.113888 | PMID = 11391368 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Cholangiocarcinoma]] is dealt with in the ''[[liver neoplasms]]'' article. | |||
==Gross== | |||
*Classic: mass projecting into the lumen. | |||
*Marked gallbladder wall thickening. | |||
**>10 mm should be considered with suspicion.<ref name=pmid21879282>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kim | first1 = HJ. | last2 = Park | first2 = JH. | last3 = Park | first3 = DI. | last4 = Cho | first4 = YK. | last5 = Sohn | first5 = CI. | last6 = Jeon | first6 = WK. | last7 = Kim | first7 = BI. | last8 = Choi | first8 = SH. | title = Clinical usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening. | journal = Dig Dis Sci | volume = 57 | issue = 2 | pages = 508-15 | month = Feb | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1007/s10620-011-1870-0 | PMID = 21879282 }}</ref> | |||
Image: | |||
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/santoshpath/5245332515/ Papillary gallbladder adenocarcinoma (flickr.com)]. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Usually adenocarcinoma. | |||
**Mimics appearance of [[pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma]] -- but less cellular mucin.<ref name=Ref_DCHH174>{{Ref DCHH|174}}</ref> | |||
Notes: | |||
*May be very subtle, i.e. difficult to differentiate from normal glands. | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Adenomyoma of the gallbladder]]. | |||
*[[metastasis|Metastatic carcinoma]]. | |||
**[[Cholangiocarcinoma]]. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Gallbladder_adenocarcinoma_(1)_histopathology.jpg | GB carcinoma - low mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Gallbladder adenocarcinoma (2) histopathology.jpg | GB carcinoma - high mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Gallbladder adenocarcinoma (3) lymphatic invasion histopathology.jpg | GB carcinoma - LVI. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Gallbladder]]. | |||
*[[Intestinal metaplasia of the gallbladder]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Gallbladder]] | |||