Smoking
Smoking is an addiction people have that damages their health. On the plus side... these people may be cheaper to care for, i.e. they have lower health care costs, as they die earlier.[1][2]
Non-malignant disease
Non-lung
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
- Recurrent breast abscess.[3]
Lung
Main article: Medical_lung_diseases#Smoking_associated_disease
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis (Eosinophilic granuloma).
- Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP).
- Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease (RBILD).
Cancer
- Lung cancer, esp. small cell carcinoma, squamous carcinoma, mesothelioma.
- Bladder cancer (urothelial carcinoma).[4]
- Kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma).[4]
- Head and neck cancer (squamous cell carcinoma - mouth, larynx, pharynx, esophagus).
- Colorectal cancer (adenocarcinoma).
- Cervical cancer (carcinoma).[5]
- Pancreatic carcinoma.[5]
- Myeloid leukaemia.[6]
Second hand smokers
The relative risk for lung cancer in second hand smokers versus non-smokers is approximately 1.3.[7]
No association with smoking
- Breast cancer.
References
- ↑ van Baal PH, Polder JJ, de Wit GA, et al. (February 2008). "Lifetime medical costs of obesity: prevention no cure for increasing health expenditure". PLoS Med. 5 (2): e29. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050029. PMC 2225430. PMID 18254654. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2225430/.
- ↑ Staddon, John. "The Social Benefits of Smoking". http://www.carolinajournal.com/articles/display_story.html?id=5041. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ Schäfer, P.; Fürrer, C.; Mermillod, B. (Dec 1988). "An association of cigarette smoking with recurrent subareolar breast abscess.". Int J Epidemiol 17 (4): 810-3. PMID 3225089.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Smoking Related Cancers". http://medicineworld.org/cancer/lead/11-2006/smoking-related-cancers.html. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Martin, Terry. "Smoking and Cancer - Statistics for the U.S.". http://quitsmoking.about.com/od/tobaccostatistics/a/cancerstats.htm. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ "Tobacco and cancer risk - statistics". http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/causes/lifestyle/tobacco/. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 214. ISBN 978-1416054542.