Difference between revisions of "Ditzels"
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This article collects '''ditzels''', which are, in the context of [[pathology]], little specimens that are typically one or two slides and usually of little interest.<ref>{{Ref TPoSP|37}}</ref> | This article collects '''ditzels''', which are, in the context of [[pathology]], little specimens that are typically one or two slides and usually of little interest.<ref>{{Ref TPoSP|37}}</ref> | ||
= | =A list of ditzels= | ||
===Gastrointestinal=== | ===Gastrointestinal=== | ||
*[[Hernia sac]]. | *[[Hernia sac]]. | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
===Orthopaedic=== | ===Orthopaedic=== | ||
*[[Femoral head]]. | *[[Femoral head]]. | ||
===Head and neck pathology=== | |||
*Tonsil. | |||
=Gastrointestinal= | =Gastrointestinal= | ||
| Line 109: | Line 112: | ||
*Gartner duct cyst. | *Gartner duct cyst. | ||
*Skene duct cyst. | *Skene duct cyst. | ||
=Head and neck pathology= | |||
==Tonsil== | |||
===General=== | |||
*Commonly removed when enlarged. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Follicular hyperplasia. | |||
Note: | |||
*Signed-out as ''reactive lymphoid hyperplasia''. | |||
=See also= | =See also= | ||
Revision as of 21:19, 5 January 2012
This article collects ditzels, which are, in the context of pathology, little specimens that are typically one or two slides and usually of little interest.[1]
A list of ditzels
Gastrointestinal
Neuropathology
- Vertebral disc - see spine.
Pediatric
- Bands of Ladd.
- Cholesteatoma.
Orthopaedic
Head and neck pathology
- Tonsil.
Gastrointestinal
Hernia sac
General
- Hernia repair.
- Pathologic findings are very usual and if present known to the surgeon.
Microscopic
Features:
- Fibrous tissue.
- +/-Adipose tissue.
- +/-Mesothelial cells.
Notes:
- One should not see vas deferens.
- Things worthy of some comment: granulation tissue, inflammation.
Stoma
- See: Colon and Small intestine.
General
- Reversal of ileostomy or colostomy.
Microscopic
Features:
- Colonic-type or small intestinal-type bowel wall.
- Lymphoid hyperplasia (abundant lymphocytes) - very common.
- +/-Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the lamina propria and submucosa.
- Skin.
Notes:
- One is looking for malignancy (e.g. colorectal carcinoma), especially if that is in the history.
Pediatric
Bands of Ladd
General
- Associated with intestinal malrotation.
- Removed by Ladd's procedure.
Microscopic
Features:
- Benign fibrous tissue.
Cholesteatoma
General
- Squamous epithelium in the middle ear - leading to accumulation of keratinaceous debris.[4]
Microscopic
Features:[7]
- Keratinaceous debris - key feature.
- Squamous epithelium.
- Macrophages +/- giant cell (containing keratinceous debris).
- Chronic inflammation (lymphocytes).
Genitourinary pathology
Foreskin
Main article: Penis
General
Indications:
- Phimosis.
Main considerations:
- Squamous cell carcinoma.
- Lichen sclerosus, AKA balanitis xerotica obliterans.
- Lichen planus.
- Infection, e.g. syphilis.
Microscopic
Features:
- Usu. fibrotic dermis.
- +/-Inflammation.
DDx:
- See Penis.
Paraurethral cyst
General
- Rare.
- Benign.
Clinical:[8]
- Presentation: mass lesion, dyspareunia or dysuria.
- Multipareous.
Microscopic
Features:
- Cystic space with epithelial lining - diagnosis based on epithelial lining.
- Epithelial inclusion cyst.
- Müllerian cyst.
- Gartner duct cyst.
- Skene duct cyst.
Head and neck pathology
Tonsil
General
- Commonly removed when enlarged.
Microscopic
Features:
- Follicular hyperplasia.
Note:
- Signed-out as reactive lymphoid hyperplasia.
See also
References
- ↑ Weedman Molavi, Diana (2008). The Practice of Surgical Pathology: A Beginner's Guide to the Diagnostic Process (1st ed.). Springer. pp. 37. ISBN 978-0387744858.
- ↑ Siddiqui K, Nazir Z, Ali SS, Pervaiz S (February 2004). "Is routine histological evaluation of pediatric hernial sac necessary?". Pediatr. Surg. Int. 20 (2): 133–5. doi:10.1007/s00383-003-1106-2. PMID 14986035.
- ↑ Partrick DA, Bensard DD, Karrer FM, Ruyle SZ (July 1998). "Is routine pathological evaluation of pediatric hernia sacs justified?". J. Pediatr. Surg. 33 (7): 1090–2; discussion 1093–4. PMID 9694100.
- ↑ URL: http://www.harrisonspractice.com/practice/ub/view/Harrisons%20Practice/141015/all/otitis_media_and_mastoiditis. Accessed on: 16 March 2011.
- ↑ Piepergerdes MC, Kramer BM, Behnke EE (March 1980). "Keratosis obturans and external auditory canal cholesteatoma". Laryngoscope 90 (3): 383–91. PMID 7359960.
- ↑ Shire JR, Donegan JO (September 1986). "Cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal and keratosis obturans". Am J Otol 7 (5): 361–4. PMID 3538893.
- ↑ Iino Y, Toriyama M, Ohmi S, Kanegasaki S (1990). "Activation of peritoneal macrophages with human cholesteatoma debris and alpha-keratin". Acta Otolaryngol. 109 (5-6): 444–9. PMID 1694387.
- ↑ Isen, K.; Utku, V.; Atilgan, I.; Kutun, Y. (Aug 2008). "Experience with the diagnosis and management of paraurethral cysts in adult women.". Can J Urol 15 (4): 4169-73. PMID 18706145.
- ↑ Satani, H.; Yoshimura, N.; Hayashi, N.; Arima, K.; Yanagawa, M.; Kawamura, J. (Mar 2000). "[A case of female paraurethral cyst diagnosed as epithelial inclusion cyst].". Hinyokika Kiyo 46 (3): 205-7. PMID 10806582.
- ↑ Das, SP. (Jul 1981). "Paraurethral cysts in women.". J Urol 126 (1): 41-3. PMID 7195943.