Aneurysmal bone cyst

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Aneurysmal bone cyst, abbreviated ABC, is a very common benign pathology of bone.

Aneurysmal bone cyst
Diagnosis in short

Aneurysmal bone cyst. H&E stain.
LM DDx giant cell tumour of bone, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, other giant cell lesions
Site bone

Prevalence common
Prognosis benign

Giant cell reparative granuloma (also known as solid aneurysmal bone cyst) is dealt with separately.

General

Features:[1]

  • Benign.
    • May grow rapidly.
  • Osteolysis -> cystic space -> filled with blood.
  • Relatively common; in children second only to osteosarcoma.[2]

Gross/radiologic

Features:[3]

  • Air-fluid levels (radiology).
  • Usually metaphysis of long bones, but uncommonly the femur.
  • May have an "aggressive" appearance, i.e. erode bone.

Microscopic

Features:[1]

  • Bony trabeculae or osteoid tissue.
  • Osteoclast giant cells.
    • Multi-nucleated giant-cells with round randomly arranged nuclei.
  • Benign spindle cells (fibroblasts) - surround bone/adjacent to the giant cells - important.
  • Blood +/- surrounded by giant cells.

DDx:

Images

www:

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1254784-overview. Accessed on: 4 February 2011.
  2. van den Berg H, Kroon HM, Slaar A, Hogendoorn P (2008). "Incidence of biopsy-proven bone tumors in children: a report based on the Dutch pathology registration "PALGA"". J Pediatr Orthop 28 (1): 29–35. doi:10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181558cb5. PMID 18157043.
  3. Parashari, UC.; Khanduri, S.; Upadhyay, D.; Bhadury, S.; Singhal, S.. "Radiologic and pathologic correlation of aneurysmal bone cysts at unusual sites.". J Cancer Res Ther 8 (1): 103-5. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.95183. PMID 22531523.