Ureter
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The ureter is the tubule that takes the urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. It is uncommonly afflicted by pathology that the pathologist sees on a day-to-day basis.
Normal ureter
Microscopic
Features:[1]
- Mucosa - epithelium and fibrous tissue.
- Muscularis:
- Upper 2/3: inner longitudinal, outer circular.
- Lower 1/3: inner longitudinal, middle circular, outer longitudinal.
Note:
- There is no submucosa!
Ureter - cross-section. (WC)
Pathology of the ureter - overview
- Kidney stones.
- Ureteritis cystica.
- Urothelial carcinoma in situ - strong association with CIS in the urinary bladder.[2]
- Other urothelial neoplasias - esp. in Lynch syndrome[3] - see urothelium.
- Malakoplakia.
- Others.
Specific conditions
Ureteritis cystica
General
- Similar cystitis cystica.
- Uncommon.
- Painful.[4]
- Related to von Brunn's nests.[5]
Gross
- Smooth/round projections into the lumen.
Images:
Microscopic
Features:
- Nests of urothelium within the lamina propria with cyst formation, i.e. lumens are present.
Image:
Urothelial carcinoma
General
- Should prompt consideration of Lynch syndrome.
Microscopic
See:
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DISTAL LEFT URETER (TIE ON PROXIMAL END), EXCISION: - HIGH-GRADE PAPILLARY UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA, NON-INVASIVE. -- PLEASE SEE TUMOUR SUMMARY AND COMMENT.
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/urinary/ureter.php. Accessed: 31 October 2013.
- ↑ Zhou, H.; Ro, JY.; Truong, LD.; Ayala, AG.; Shen, SS. (2014). "Intraoperative frozen section evaluation of ureteral and urethral margins: studies of 203 consecutive radical cystoprostatectomy for men with bladder urothelial carcinoma.". Am J Clin Exp Urol 2 (2): 156-60. PMID 25374918.
- ↑ Crockett, DG.; Wagner, DG.; Holmäng, S.; Johansson, SL.; Lynch, HT. (May 2011). "Upper urinary tract carcinoma in Lynch syndrome cases.". J Urol 185 (5): 1627-30. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2010.12.102. PMID 21419447.
- ↑ Padilla-Fernández, B.; Díaz-Alférez, F.; Herrero-Polo, M.; Martín-Izquierdo, M.; Silva-Abuín, J.; Lorenzo-Gómez, M. (2012). "Ureteritis cystica: important consideration in the differential diagnosis of acute renal colic.". Clin Med Insights Case Rep 5: 29-33. doi:10.4137/CCRep.S9189. PMID 22474406.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Rothschild, JG.; Wu, G. (2011). "Ureteritis cystica: a radiologic pathologic correlation.". J Clin Imaging Sci 1: 23. doi:10.4103/2156-7514.80375. PMC 3177432. PMID 21966620. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3177432/.