Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Li-Fraumeni syndrome is due to germline mutations in the gene TP53 (p53),[1] an important regulator of apoptosis and the cell cycle, i.e. cell division. It is implicated in a very large number of sporadic cancer.
Individuals with Li-Fraumeni syndrome are predisposed to cancer. TP53 is considered to be a tumour suppressor and like most tumour suppressors, inheritance is autosomal dominant.
Associated cancers
This is not an exhaustive list:
- Adrenocortical carcinoma.[2]
- Breast cancer.[3]
- Osteosarcoma.[3]
- Chondrosarcoma.[3]
- Brain tumours.[3]
- Acute leukemia.[3]
- Soft tissue sarcomas.[3]
Li-Fraumeni variant
A germline mutation in CHEK2[4] is considered to be a Li-Fraumeni variant, as it interacts with TP53 and BRCA1.
CHEK2 mutations are most strongly associated with breast cancer and colon cancer; thus, it is also known as hereditary breast & colorectal cancer (HBCC).[4] In addition to breast and colon cancers, it has also been associated with prostate, kidney and thyroid cancer.[5]
CHEK2 associated cancers in a list:
- Breast.
- Colon.
- Thyroid.
- Kidney.
- Prostate.
See also
References
- ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 191170
- ↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson; Aster, Jon (2009). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 1157. ISBN 978-1416031215.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/987356-overview. Accessed on: 19 March 2011.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 604373
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 545. ISBN 978-1416054542.