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| *[http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/chondrosarcoma%20low%20grade%20sp03-9617%20g%20(Large)%20(Large).jpg Low-grade chondrosarcoma (path.utah.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/MSCase6Part3.htm http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/MSCase6Part3.htm]. Accessed on: 29 December 2013.</ref> | | *[http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/chondrosarcoma%20low%20grade%20sp03-9617%20g%20(Large)%20(Large).jpg Low-grade chondrosarcoma (path.utah.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/MSCase6Part3.htm http://www.path.utah.edu/casepath/ms%20cases/MSCase6/MSCase6Part3.htm]. Accessed on: 29 December 2013.</ref> |
| ===Variants=== | | ===Variants=== |
| ====[[Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma]]==== | | ====Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma==== |
| *Arise in soft tissue; this is where the name comes from.<ref name=pmid14161087>{{cite journal |author=Dowling EA |title=Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma |journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am |volume=46 |issue= |pages=747–54 |year=1964 |month=June |pmid=14161087 |doi= |url=http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/reprint/46/4/747.pdf}}</ref>
| | {{Main|Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma}} |
| *Rare variant of chondrosarcoma.
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| Microscopic:
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| Features:
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| *"White clouds in a blue sky".
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| Image:
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| *[http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/opaq/PathQuiz/S0A001-PQ01-M.htm Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (ouhsc.edu)].
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| ==General==
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|
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| *Rare variant of chondrosarcoma.
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| *2–10% of primary chondrosarcomas
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| *Adolescents and young adults
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| *Female predilection
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| *Most commonly intraosseous but can occur in extraskeletal sites especially the central nervous system (from the meminges)
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| *Conceptualized as originating from a pleuripotential mesenchymal cell with foci recapitulating enchondral ossification.
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| *The small cells appear to be an undifferentiated cartilage stem cell which “differentiate” into benign cartilage <ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Fanburg-Smith | first1 = JC. | last2 = Auerbach | first2 = A. | last3 = Marwaha | first3 = JS. | last4 = Wang | first4 = Z. | last5 = Rushing | first5 = EJ. | title = Reappraisal of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: novel morphologic observations of the hyaline cartilage and endochondral ossification and beta-catenin, Sox9, and osteocalcin immunostaining of 22 cases. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 41 | issue = 5 | pages = 653-62 | month = May | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.11.006 | PMID = 20138330 }}
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| </ref>.
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| *This is where the name comes from.<ref name=pmid14161087>{{cite journal |author=Dowling EA |title=Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma |journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am |volume=46 |issue= |pages=747–54 |year=1964 |month=June |pmid=14161087 |doi= |url=http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/reprint/46/4/747.pdf}}</ref>
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| ==Gross==
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| Pink and fleshy with foci of calcification.
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| ==Microscopic==
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| *"White clouds in a blue sky".
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| *Malignant tumor with a characteristic biphasic pattern
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| **Cellular poorly differentiated small round blue cells
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| **Islands of well-differentiated hyaline cartilage
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| ***Progressive maturation of cartilage towards the center
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| ***Central calcification or bone formation
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|
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| ==IHC==
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| *SOX9 (positive in small cells and chondrocytes) <ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pang | first1 = ZG. | last2 = He | first2 = XZ. | last3 = Wu | first3 = LY. | last4 = Wei | first4 = W. | last5 = Liu | first5 = XY. | last6 = Liao | first6 = DY. | last7 = Li | first7 = FY. | last8 = Zhang | first8 = XL. | title = [Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 23 cases of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma]. | journal = Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi | volume = 40 | issue = 6 | pages = 368-72 | month = Jun | year = 2011 | doi = | PMID = 21914343 }}</ref>
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| *S100 (positive in chondrocytes not in small cells)
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| *Osteocalcin (negative in small cells)
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| ==Molecular==
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| t(8;8)(q21.1;q13.3) HEY1-NCOA2 <ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Panagopoulos | first1 = I. | last2 = Gorunova | first2 = L. | last3 = Bjerkehagen | first3 = B. | last4 = Boye | first4 = K. | last5 = Heim | first5 = S. | title = Chromosome aberrations and HEY1-NCOA2 fusion gene in a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. | journal = Oncol Rep | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 40-4 | month = Jul | year = 2014 | doi = 10.3892/or.2014.3180 | PMID = 24839999 }}</ref>
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| ==Photos==
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| <gallery>
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal MP5 PA.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal MP PA.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal LP2 PA.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal HP5 PA.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal MP2 PA.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal MP7.JPG|Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells.(SKB)
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| *Image:Bone Chondrosarcoma Mesenchymal HP3 PA.JPG|Small blue cells predominate.(SKB)
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| </gallery>
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| ==See also==
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| Image:
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| *[http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/opaq/PathQuiz/S0A001-PQ01-M.htm Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (ouhsc.edu)].
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|
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|1}}
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|
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|
| ====Myxoid chondrosarcoma==== | | ====Myxoid chondrosarcoma==== |