Difference between revisions of "Epstein-Barr virus"
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[[Image:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - EBER -- very low mag.jpg |thumb|right|Micrograph showing an EBER ('''E'''pstein-'''B'''arr virus (EBV)-'''e'''ncoded small '''R'''NAs) positive [[nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]. (WC)]] | |||
The '''Epstein-Barr virus''', abbreviated '''EBV''', is [[virus]] implicated in several types of [[cancer]]. | |||
==General== | |||
*Cases [[mononucleosis]]. | |||
*Part of the herpes group of viruses.<ref>URL: [http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/orfpath/herpes.htm http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/orfpath/herpes.htm]. Accessed on: 14 April 2011.</ref> | |||
Note: | |||
*The virus is ''Epstein''... the tricuspid abnormality is ''[[Ebstein anomaly|Ebstein]]''. | |||
===Associations=== | |||
Cancer:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_169>{{Ref PCPBoD8|169}}</ref> | |||
*Classical [[Hodgkin lymphoma]]. | |||
*[[Burkitt lymphoma]]. | |||
*[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]. | |||
*B cell lymphomas -- in immunosuppressed individuals. | |||
**[[Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder]]. | |||
*[[Leiomyoma]] and [[leiomyosarcoma]] in the context of [[HIV]].<ref name=pmid8880205>{{Cite journal | last1 = McClain | first1 = KL. | last2 = Joshi | first2 = VV. | last3 = Murphy | first3 = SB. | title = Cancers in children with HIV infection. | journal = Hematol Oncol Clin North Am | volume = 10 | issue = 5 | pages = 1189-201 | month = Oct | year = 1996 | doi = | PMID = 8880205 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type]]. | |||
*[[Epstein-Barr Virus-associated gastric carcinoma]] - EBV is thought to be associated with approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas.<ref name=pmid23342366>{{cite journal |authors=Iizasa H, Nanbo A, Nishikawa J, Jinushi M, Yoshiyama H |title=Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma |journal=Viruses |volume=4 |issue=12 |pages=3420–39 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23342366 |pmc=3528272 |doi=10.3390/v4123420 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid33381453>{{cite journal |authors=Sun K, Jia K, Lv H, Wang SQ, Wu Y, Lei H, Chen X |title=EBV-Positive Gastric Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives |journal=Front Oncol |volume=10 |issue= |pages=583463 |date=2020 |pmid=33381453 |pmc=7769310 |doi=10.3389/fonc.2020.583463 |url=}}</ref> | |||
Other: | |||
*[[Hemophagocytic syndrome]].<ref name=pmid20819601>{{cite journal |author=Jin YK, Xie ZD, Yang S, Lu G, Shen KL |title=Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a retrospective study of 78 pediatric cases in mainland of China |journal=Chin. Med. J. |volume=123 |issue=11 |pages=1426–30 |year=2010 |month=June |pmid=20819601 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumour]] - very uncommon, in immunoincompetent individuals.<ref name=pmid16330945>{{Cite journal | last1 = Deyrup | first1 = AT. | last2 = Lee | first2 = VK. | last3 = Hill | first3 = CE. | last4 = Cheuk | first4 = W. | last5 = Toh | first5 = HC. | last6 = Kesavan | first6 = S. | last7 = Chan | first7 = EW. | last8 = Weiss | first8 = SW. | title = Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors are distinctive mesenchymal tumors reflecting multiple infection events: a clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 29 tumors from 19 patients. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = 75-82 | month = Jan | year = 2006 | doi = | PMID = 16330945 }}</ref> | |||
*EBV-associated [[colitis]]<ref name=pmid19279175>{{Cite journal | last1 = Weinberg | first1 = I. | last2 = Neuman | first2 = T. | last3 = Margalit | first3 = M. | last4 = Ayman | first4 = F. | last5 = Wolf | first5 = DG. | last6 = Ben-Yehuda | first6 = A. | title = Epstein-barr virus-related diarrhea or exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease: diagnostic dilemma. | journal = J Clin Microbiol | volume = 47 | issue = 5 | pages = 1588-90 | month = May | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.02477-08 | PMID = 19279175 | url = http://jcm.asm.org/content/47/5/1588.full }}</ref> - may mimic [[IBD]].<ref name=pmid21119609>{{Cite journal | last1 = Karlitz | first1 = JJ. | last2 = Li | first2 = ST. | last3 = Holman | first3 = RP. | last4 = Rice | first4 = MC. | title = EBV-associated colitis mimicking IBD in an immunocompetent individual. | journal = Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 50-4 | month = Jan | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1038/nrgastro.2010.192 | PMID = 21119609 }}</ref> | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:EBV infection cycle in healthy humans.png | EBV infection cycle. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Variable - see specific pathologies in ''Associations'' section. | |||
**+/-Atypical lymphocytes. | |||
**+/-Hemophagocytosis (uncommon). | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case526.html EBV-associated gastritis (upmc.edu)]. | |||
==IHC== | |||
*Mixed population of CD3 & CD20 -- in benign. | |||
==Molecular== | |||
*EBER +ve - [[in situ hybridization]] for RNA fragments in EBV.<ref name=pmid9761938>{{Cite journal | last1 = Tornóczky | first1 = T. | last2 = Kelényi | first2 = G. | last3 = Pajor | first3 = L. | title = EBER oligonucleotide RNA in situ hybridization in EBV associated neoplasms. | journal = Pathol Oncol Res | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 201-5 | month = | year = 1998 | doi = | PMID = 9761938 }}</ref> | |||
**EBER = '''E'''pstein-'''B'''arr virus (EBV)-'''e'''ncoded small '''R'''NAs.<ref name=pmid20399962>{{cite journal |authors=Iwakiri D, Takada K |title=Role of EBERs in the pathogenesis of EBV infection |journal=Adv. Cancer Res. |volume=107 |issue= |pages=119–36 |date=2010 |pmid=20399962 |doi=10.1016/S0065-230X(10)07004-1 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Viruses]]. | |||
*[[Viruses and cancer]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Viruses]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:21, 14 December 2023
Micrograph showing an EBER (Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNAs) positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (WC)
The Epstein-Barr virus, abbreviated EBV, is virus implicated in several types of cancer.
General
- Cases mononucleosis.
- Part of the herpes group of viruses.[1]
Note:
- The virus is Epstein... the tricuspid abnormality is Ebstein.
Associations
Cancer:[2]
- Classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Burkitt lymphoma.
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
- B cell lymphomas -- in immunosuppressed individuals.
- Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma in the context of HIV.[3]
- Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.
- Epstein-Barr Virus-associated gastric carcinoma - EBV is thought to be associated with approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas.[4][5]
Other:
- Hemophagocytic syndrome.[6]
- Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumour - very uncommon, in immunoincompetent individuals.[7]
- EBV-associated colitis[8] - may mimic IBD.[9]
EBV infection cycle. (WC)
Microscopic
Features:
- Variable - see specific pathologies in Associations section.
- +/-Atypical lymphocytes.
- +/-Hemophagocytosis (uncommon).
Images:
IHC
- Mixed population of CD3 & CD20 -- in benign.
Molecular
- EBER +ve - in situ hybridization for RNA fragments in EBV.[10]
- EBER = Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNAs.[11]
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/orfpath/herpes.htm. Accessed on: 14 April 2011.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 169. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ McClain, KL.; Joshi, VV.; Murphy, SB. (Oct 1996). "Cancers in children with HIV infection.". Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 10 (5): 1189-201. PMID 8880205.
- ↑ Iizasa H, Nanbo A, Nishikawa J, Jinushi M, Yoshiyama H (December 2012). "Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma". Viruses 4 (12): 3420–39. doi:10.3390/v4123420. PMC 3528272. PMID 23342366. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3528272/.
- ↑ Sun K, Jia K, Lv H, Wang SQ, Wu Y, Lei H, Chen X (2020). "EBV-Positive Gastric Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives". Front Oncol 10: 583463. doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.583463. PMC 7769310. PMID 33381453. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769310/.
- ↑ Jin YK, Xie ZD, Yang S, Lu G, Shen KL (June 2010). "Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a retrospective study of 78 pediatric cases in mainland of China". Chin. Med. J. 123 (11): 1426–30. PMID 20819601.
- ↑ Deyrup, AT.; Lee, VK.; Hill, CE.; Cheuk, W.; Toh, HC.; Kesavan, S.; Chan, EW.; Weiss, SW. (Jan 2006). "Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors are distinctive mesenchymal tumors reflecting multiple infection events: a clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 29 tumors from 19 patients.". Am J Surg Pathol 30 (1): 75-82. PMID 16330945.
- ↑ Weinberg, I.; Neuman, T.; Margalit, M.; Ayman, F.; Wolf, DG.; Ben-Yehuda, A. (May 2009). "Epstein-barr virus-related diarrhea or exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease: diagnostic dilemma.". J Clin Microbiol 47 (5): 1588-90. doi:10.1128/JCM.02477-08. PMID 19279175. http://jcm.asm.org/content/47/5/1588.full.
- ↑ Karlitz, JJ.; Li, ST.; Holman, RP.; Rice, MC. (Jan 2011). "EBV-associated colitis mimicking IBD in an immunocompetent individual.". Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 8 (1): 50-4. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2010.192. PMID 21119609.
- ↑ Tornóczky, T.; Kelényi, G.; Pajor, L. (1998). "EBER oligonucleotide RNA in situ hybridization in EBV associated neoplasms.". Pathol Oncol Res 4 (3): 201-5. PMID 9761938.
- ↑ Iwakiri D, Takada K (2010). "Role of EBERs in the pathogenesis of EBV infection". Adv. Cancer Res. 107: 119–36. doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(10)07004-1. PMID 20399962.