Difference between revisions of "Testicular metastasis"

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{{ Infobox diagnosis
| Name      = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image      = Testis with prostate carcinoma -- low mag.jpg
| Width      =
| Caption    = Testis with metastatic prostate carcinoma. [[H&E stain]]. (WC)
| Synonyms  = testicle with metastatic disease
| Micro      = atypical cells between seminiferous tubules, negative for [[GCNIS]], +/-lymphovascular invasion
| Subtypes  =
| LMDDx      =
| Stains    =
| IHC        = IHC dependent on primary site (usually OCT4 -ve, AFP -ve, beta-hCG -ve, [[SALL4]] -ve)
| EM        =
| Molecular  =
| IF        =
| Gross      =
| Grossing  =
| Staging    =
| Site      = [[testis]]
| Assdx      =
| Syndromes  =
| Clinicalhx = +/-history of malignancy
| Signs      = testicular mass
| Symptoms  =
| Prevalence = rare - esp. as first presentation
| Bloodwork  =
| Rads      =
| Endoscopy  =
| Prognosis  = poor
| Other      =
| ClinDDx    = primary testicular tumour
| Tx        =
}}
'''Testicular metastasis''' is a the discontiguous spread of a [[cancer|malignant tumour]] to the [[testis]].
'''Testicular metastasis''' is a the discontiguous spread of a [[cancer|malignant tumour]] to the [[testis]].


==General==
==General==
*Rare - case report worthy.<ref name=pmid26074716>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Li | first1 = B. | last2 = Cai | first2 = H. | last3 = Kang | first3 = ZC. | last4 = Wu | first4 = H. | last5 = Hou | first5 = JG. | last6 = Ma | first6 = LY. | title = Testicular metastasis from gastric carcinoma: A case report. | journal = World J Gastroenterol | volume = 21 | issue = 21 | pages = 6764-8 | month = Jun | year = 2015 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v21.i21.6764 | PMID = 26074716 }}</ref><reF name=pmid26066034>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cormio | first1 = L. | last2 = Sanguedolce | first2 = F. | last3 = Massenio | first3 = P. | last4 = Di Fino | first4 = G. | last5 = Bruno | first5 = M. | last6 = Carrieri | first6 = G. | title = Testicular metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report. | journal = J Med Case Rep | volume = 9 | issue =  | pages = 139 | month =  | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1186/s13256-015-0626-4 | PMID = 26066034 }}</ref>
*Rare as first presentation - case report worthy.<ref name=pmid26074716>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Li | first1 = B. | last2 = Cai | first2 = H. | last3 = Kang | first3 = ZC. | last4 = Wu | first4 = H. | last5 = Hou | first5 = JG. | last6 = Ma | first6 = LY. | title = Testicular metastasis from gastric carcinoma: A case report. | journal = World J Gastroenterol | volume = 21 | issue = 21 | pages = 6764-8 | month = Jun | year = 2015 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v21.i21.6764 | PMID = 26074716 }}</ref><reF name=pmid26066034>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cormio | first1 = L. | last2 = Sanguedolce | first2 = F. | last3 = Massenio | first3 = P. | last4 = Di Fino | first4 = G. | last5 = Bruno | first5 = M. | last6 = Carrieri | first6 = G. | title = Testicular metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report. | journal = J Med Case Rep | volume = 9 | issue =  | pages = 139 | month =  | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1186/s13256-015-0626-4 | PMID = 26066034 }}</ref>
*May be the first manifestation of an abdominal malignancy.<ref name=pmid26066034/>
*May be the first manifestation of an abdominal malignancy.<ref name=pmid26066034/>


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*Stomach ([[gastric carcinoma]]).<ref name=pmid26074716/>
*Stomach ([[gastric carcinoma]]).<ref name=pmid26074716/>
*Pancreas.<ref name=pmid26066034/>
*Pancreas.<ref name=pmid26066034/>
*Kidney ([[renal cell carcinoma]].<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fragkoulis | first1 = C. | last2 = Pappas | first2 = A. | last3 = Goumas | first3 = G. | last4 = Gkialas | first4 = I. | last5 = Ntoumas | first5 = K. | title = Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the testis. | journal = J BUON | volume = 20 | issue = 2 | pages = 663 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 26011366 }}</ref>
*Kidney ([[renal cell carcinoma]]).<ref name=pmi26011366>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fragkoulis | first1 = C. | last2 = Pappas | first2 = A. | last3 = Goumas | first3 = G. | last4 = Gkialas | first4 = I. | last5 = Ntoumas | first5 = K. | title = Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the testis. | journal = J BUON | volume = 20 | issue = 2 | pages = 663 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 26011366 }}</ref>
*[[Prostatic carcinoma|Prostate]].<ref name=pmid25994435>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Shinn | first1 = BJ. | last2 = Greenwald | first2 = DW. | last3 = Ahmad | first3 = N. | title = Unilateral testicular metastasis of low PSA level prostatic adenocarcinoma. | journal = BMJ Case Rep | volume = 2015 | issue =  | pages =  | month =  | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1136/bcr-2015-209914 | PMID = 25994435 }}</ref>
*[[Prostatic carcinoma|Prostate]].<ref name=pmid25994435>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Shinn | first1 = BJ. | last2 = Greenwald | first2 = DW. | last3 = Ahmad | first3 = N. | title = Unilateral testicular metastasis of low PSA level prostatic adenocarcinoma. | journal = BMJ Case Rep | volume = 2015 | issue =  | pages =  | month =  | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1136/bcr-2015-209914 | PMID = 25994435 }}</ref>
*Lung ([[squamous cell carcinoma of the lung]]).<ref name=pmid25873879>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Buck | first1 = DA. | last2 = Byrd | first2 = RH. | last3 = Holmes | first3 = CL. | last4 = Pollock | first4 = T. | title = Testicular metastasis in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. | journal = Case Rep Oncol | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 133-7 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1159/000380814 | PMID = 25873879 }}</ref>
*Lung ([[squamous cell carcinoma of the lung]]).<ref name=pmid25873879>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Buck | first1 = DA. | last2 = Byrd | first2 = RH. | last3 = Holmes | first3 = CL. | last4 = Pollock | first4 = T. | title = Testicular metastasis in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. | journal = Case Rep Oncol | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 133-7 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1159/000380814 | PMID = 25873879 }}</ref>
Most common in order:<ref name=pmid26066034/>
*Prostate, lung, melanoma, kidney, GI tract.


==Microscopic==
==Microscopic==
Features:
Features:
*Lack of [[intratubular germ cell neoplasia]] (ITGCN).
*Lack of [[germ cell neoplasia in situ]] (GCNIS).
*Atypical cells infiltration between benign appearing seminiferous tubule.
*Atypical cells infiltrating between benign-appearing seminiferous tubules.
*+/-[[Lymphovascular invasion]].


DDx:
DDx:
*[[Germ cell tumours]] - esp. [[embryonal carcinoma]].
*[[Germ cell tumours]] - esp. [[embryonal carcinoma]].
*Malignant [[sex cord stromal tumour]].
*Malignant [[sex cord stromal tumour]].
*[[Lymphoma]].
===Images===
<gallery>
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma -- very low mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - very low mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma -- low mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - low mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma -- intermed mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma - alt -- intermed mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma -- high mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - high mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma - 2 -- low mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - low mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma - 2 -- intermed mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.
Image: Testis with prostate carcinoma - 2 -- high mag.jpg | Testis with PCa - high mag.
</gallery>
====www====
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376918/figure/F1/ Lung squamous carcinoma in the testis (nih.gov)].<ref name=pmid25873879>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Buck | first1 = DA. | last2 = Byrd | first2 = RH. | last3 = Holmes | first3 = CL. | last4 = Pollock | first4 = T. | title = Testicular metastasis in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. | journal = Case Rep Oncol | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 133-7 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1159/000380814 | PMID = 25873879 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Testis]].
*[[Testis]].
*[[Metastasis]].
*[[Ovarian metastasis]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:44, 14 December 2016

Testicular metastasis
Diagnosis in short

Testis with metastatic prostate carcinoma. H&E stain. (WC)
Synonyms testicle with metastatic disease
LM atypical cells between seminiferous tubules, negative for GCNIS, +/-lymphovascular invasion
IHC IHC dependent on primary site (usually OCT4 -ve, AFP -ve, beta-hCG -ve, SALL4 -ve)
Site testis
Clinical history +/-history of malignancy
Signs testicular mass
Prevalence rare - esp. as first presentation
Prognosis poor
Clin. DDx primary testicular tumour

Testicular metastasis is a the discontiguous spread of a malignant tumour to the testis.

General

  • Rare as first presentation - case report worthy.[1][2]
  • May be the first manifestation of an abdominal malignancy.[2]

Reports:

Most common in order:[2]

  • Prostate, lung, melanoma, kidney, GI tract.

Microscopic

Features:

DDx:

Images

  • Testis with PCa - very low mag.

  • Testis with PCa - low mag.

  • Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.

  • Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.

  • Testis with PCa - high mag.

  • Testis with PCa - low mag.

  • Testis with PCa - intermed. mag.

  • Testis with PCa - high mag.

www

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Li, B.; Cai, H.; Kang, ZC.; Wu, H.; Hou, JG.; Ma, LY. (Jun 2015). "Testicular metastasis from gastric carcinoma: A case report.". World J Gastroenterol 21 (21): 6764-8. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i21.6764. PMID 26074716.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Cormio, L.; Sanguedolce, F.; Massenio, P.; Di Fino, G.; Bruno, M.; Carrieri, G. (2015). "Testicular metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report.". J Med Case Rep 9: 139. doi:10.1186/s13256-015-0626-4. PMID 26066034.
  3. ↑ Fragkoulis, C.; Pappas, A.; Goumas, G.; Gkialas, I.; Ntoumas, K.. "Renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the testis.". J BUON 20 (2): 663. PMID 26011366.
  4. ↑ Shinn, BJ.; Greenwald, DW.; Ahmad, N. (2015). "Unilateral testicular metastasis of low PSA level prostatic adenocarcinoma.". BMJ Case Rep 2015. doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-209914. PMID 25994435.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Buck, DA.; Byrd, RH.; Holmes, CL.; Pollock, T.. "Testicular metastasis in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.". Case Rep Oncol 8 (1): 133-7. doi:10.1159/000380814. PMID 25873879.
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