Difference between revisions of "Chagas disease"

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#redirect [[Heart#Chagas_disease]]
'''Chagas disease''', also known as '''American trypanosomiasis''', is an infectious disease that affect various organs.


==General==
*Essentially a South American disease.
*Etiology: protozoa ''Trypanosoma cruzi'' - transmitted by ''reduvid bugs'',<ref name=PMH0002348>URL: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002348/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002348/]. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.</ref> also known as ''kissing bug''.<ref>URL: [http://www.who.int/topics/chagas_disease/en/ http://www.who.int/topics/chagas_disease/en/]. Accessed on: 1 December 2011.</ref>
Clinical:<ref name=pmid17072450>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Teixeira | first1 = AR. | last2 = Nascimento | first2 = RJ. | last3 = Sturm | first3 = NR. | title = Evolution and pathology in chagas disease--a review. | journal = Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz | volume = 101 | issue = 5 | pages = 463-91 | month = Aug | year = 2006 | doi =  | PMID = 17072450 |URL = http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762006000500001&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en }}</ref>
*Depends on phase of infection.
*[[cardiac arrhythmia|Arrhythmia]]s (late).
*[[Toxic megacolon]].<ref name=pmid1467905>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kobayasi | first1 = S. | last2 = Mendes | first2 = EF. | last3 = Rodrigues | first3 = MA. | last4 = Franco | first4 = MF. | title = Toxic dilatation of the colon in Chagas' disease. | journal = Br J Surg | volume = 79 | issue = 11 | pages = 1202-3 | month = Nov | year = 1992 | doi =  | PMID = 1467905 }}</ref>
*Chagas disease esophagopathy.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Vicentine | first1 = FP. | last2 = Herbella | first2 = FA. | last3 = Allaix | first3 = ME. | last4 = Silva | first4 = LC. | last5 = Patti | first5 = MG. | title = Comparison of idiopathic achalasia and Chagas' disease esophagopathy at the light of high-resolution manometry. | journal = Dis Esophagus | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 128-33 | month = Feb | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1111/dote.12098 | PMID = 23795824 }}</ref>
**[[Achalasia]]-like pathology with dilation of the esophagus.
Dx:<ref>URL: [http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/diagnosis.html http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/diagnosis.html]. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.</ref>
*Usually serology.
*Thin blood smear.
Tx:
*Antimicrobials: benznidazole, nifurtimox.<ref name=PMH0002348/>
==Microscopic==
Features - heart:
*Inflammation - main finding.<ref name=pmid17072450/>
*Intramuscular organisms (without an inflammatory response).
*Neuronal loss in atrial ganglia.<ref name=pmid17339569/>
DDx:
*[[Toxoplasmosis]].<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case160/micro.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case160/micro.html]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref> (???)
Images:
*[http://www.uaz.edu.mx/histo/pathology/ed/ch_9c/c9c_chagas.htm Chagas disease (uaz.edu.mx)].
*[http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/60/1/96/F1.expansion.html Chagas disease (oxfordjournals.org)].<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Higuchi | first1 = Mde L. | last2 = Benvenuti | first2 = LA. | last3 = Martins Reis | first3 = M. | last4 = Metzger | first4 = M. | title = Pathophysiology of the heart in Chagas' disease: current status and new developments. | journal = Cardiovasc Res | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 96-107 | month = Oct | year = 2003 | doi =  | PMID = 14522411 }}</ref>
==IHC==
*Anti–T cruzi immunoperoxidase.<ref name=pmid17339569>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Marin-Neto | first1 = JA. | last2 = Cunha-Neto | first2 = E. | last3 = Maciel | first3 = BC. | last4 = Simões | first4 = MV. | title = Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas heart disease. | journal = Circulation | volume = 115 | issue = 9 | pages = 1109-23 | month = Mar | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624296 | PMID = 17339569 |URL = http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/115/9/1109.long }}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Heart]].
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Heart]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]

Latest revision as of 00:45, 2 March 2014

Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is an infectious disease that affect various organs.

General

  • Essentially a South American disease.
  • Etiology: protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi - transmitted by reduvid bugs,[1] also known as kissing bug.[2]

Clinical:[3]

Dx:[6]

  • Usually serology.
  • Thin blood smear.

Tx:

  • Antimicrobials: benznidazole, nifurtimox.[1]

Microscopic

Features - heart:

  • Inflammation - main finding.[3]
  • Intramuscular organisms (without an inflammatory response).
  • Neuronal loss in atrial ganglia.[7]

DDx:

Images:

IHC

  • Anti–T cruzi immunoperoxidase.[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002348/. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.
  2. ↑ URL: http://www.who.int/topics/chagas_disease/en/. Accessed on: 1 December 2011.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Teixeira, AR.; Nascimento, RJ.; Sturm, NR. (Aug 2006). "Evolution and pathology in chagas disease--a review.". Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 101 (5): 463-91. PMID 17072450.
  4. ↑ Kobayasi, S.; Mendes, EF.; Rodrigues, MA.; Franco, MF. (Nov 1992). "Toxic dilatation of the colon in Chagas' disease.". Br J Surg 79 (11): 1202-3. PMID 1467905.
  5. ↑ Vicentine, FP.; Herbella, FA.; Allaix, ME.; Silva, LC.; Patti, MG. (Feb 2014). "Comparison of idiopathic achalasia and Chagas' disease esophagopathy at the light of high-resolution manometry.". Dis Esophagus 27 (2): 128-33. doi:10.1111/dote.12098. PMID 23795824.
  6. ↑ URL: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/diagnosis.html. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Marin-Neto, JA.; Cunha-Neto, E.; Maciel, BC.; Simões, MV. (Mar 2007). "Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas heart disease.". Circulation 115 (9): 1109-23. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624296. PMID 17339569.
  8. ↑ URL: http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case160/micro.html. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.
  9. ↑ Higuchi, Mde L.; Benvenuti, LA.; Martins Reis, M.; Metzger, M. (Oct 2003). "Pathophysiology of the heart in Chagas' disease: current status and new developments.". Cardiovasc Res 60 (1): 96-107. PMID 14522411.
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