Difference between revisions of "Leukemia"

Jump to navigation Jump to search
318 bytes added ,  20:06, 26 May 2018
m
further tidy
m (add to list of leukemias)
m (further tidy)
 
Line 7: Line 7:
*Lymphoma = discrete mass(es), usu. [[lymph node]].
*Lymphoma = discrete mass(es), usu. [[lymph node]].
**Classic presentation: non-tender lymph nodes
**Classic presentation: non-tender lymph nodes
Leukemias may present as discrete massess, e.g. in the skin ([[leukemia cutis]]) or at other sites, where it is known by various names ([[myeloid sarcoma]], chloroma, etc.).


Most leukemias are typically classified into acute or chronic. As a general rule, the designation of '''acute''' signifies a more immature and aggressive phenotype, whilst '''[[chronic]]''' leukemias generally show a more differentiated phenotype and run a more indolent course. There are exceptions, of course, and some chronic leukemias may transform into acute lymphomas.
Most leukemias are typically classified into acute or chronic. As a general rule, the designation of '''acute''' signifies a more immature and aggressive phenotype, whilst '''[[chronic]]''' leukemias generally show a more differentiated phenotype and run a more indolent course. There are exceptions, of course, and some chronic leukemias may transform into acute lymphomas.
Line 18: Line 20:


=Leukemia classification=
=Leukemia classification=
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]] (AML):
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]] (AML). In this context, myeloid is used broadly to refer to non-lymphoid precursors rather than the more limited meaning granulopoietic:
*#AML.
*#AML.
*#AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, e.g.
*#AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, e.g. t(8;21), inv(16) and t(15;17).
**#t(8;21).
**#inv(16).
**#t(15;17).
*#AML arising from [[MDS]].
*#AML arising from [[MDS]].
*#AML in the setting of [[Down syndrome]].
*#AML in the setting of [[Down syndrome]].
Line 32: Line 31:
*#T cell (sometimes abbreviated to T-ALL)
*#T cell (sometimes abbreviated to T-ALL)


*T-ALL should not to be confused with [[adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma]] (ATLL)
*T-ALL should not to be confused with [[adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma]] (ATLL) - this is associated with HTLV-1 infection


*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia]] (CLL) - usually classified with lymphomas
*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia]] (CLL) - usually classified with lymphomas
Line 38: Line 37:
A few fall under the umbrella of '''[[myeloproliferative neoplasm]]s''':
A few fall under the umbrella of '''[[myeloproliferative neoplasm]]s''':
*[[Chronic myeloid leukemia]] (CML)
*[[Chronic myeloid leukemia]] (CML)
*[[Chronic neutrophilic leukemia]]
*[[Chronic neutrophilic leukemia]] (rare)
*[[Chronic eosinophilic leukemia]]
*[[Chronic eosinophilic leukemia]] (rare)


And others under the myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic overlap syndromes:
And others under the myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic overlap syndromes:
*[[Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]]
*[[Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]]


Other Rarer leukemias:
Other less common leukemias:
*Hairy cell leukemia
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia
*T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukaemia (T-LGL)
*Plasma cell leukaemia
*Plasma cell leukaemia
*Mast cell leukemia
*Mast cell leukemia
Line 75: Line 77:
*Chemotherapy?
*Chemotherapy?
*[[Down syndrome]]?
*[[Down syndrome]]?


=Prognosis=
=Prognosis=
Line 82: Line 83:
#lymphoid leukaemia: 52.4% (Colombia) to 91.6% (Germany)
#lymphoid leukaemia: 52.4% (Colombia) to 91.6% (Germany)
#acute myleoid leukemia: 33.3% (Bulgaria) to 78.2% (Germany)
#acute myleoid leukemia: 33.3% (Bulgaria) to 78.2% (Germany)
=Specific diagnoses=
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]
*[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
*[[Chronic myeloid leukemia]]
*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia]]


=See also=
=See also=
110

edits

Navigation menu