Difference between revisions of "Cerebrovascular accident"
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'''Cerebrovascular accident''', abbreviated '''CVA''', is a common neurologic pathology. It is also known as a '''stroke'''. | '''Cerebrovascular accident''', abbreviated '''CVA''', is a common [[neuropathology|neurologic pathology]]. It is also known as a '''stroke'''. | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
*Very common. | *Very common. | ||
*Leading cause of morbidity and mortality. | *Leading cause of morbidity and mortality. | ||
Etiologies:<ref name=pmid20666847>{{Cite journal | last1 = Love | first1 = S. | title = Autopsy approach to stroke. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 58 | issue = 3 | pages = 333-51 | month = Feb | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03614.x | PMID = 20666847 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Atherosclerosis]] of the cerebral vessels or internal carotid artery. | |||
*Embolism. | |||
*Hemorrhage (ruptured [[berry aneurysm]], [[cerebral amyloid angiopathy]]). | |||
*Tumour. | |||
*Others. | |||
Clinical classification: | Clinical classification: | ||
| Line 21: | Line 28: | ||
DDx: | DDx: | ||
*[[Cerebral contusion]]. | *[[Cerebral contusion]]. | ||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:MCA-Stroke-Brain-Human-1.JPG| Changes of CVA - right of image. (WC/Marvin 101) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
Features: | Features: | ||
*Ischemic neurons. | *[[Ischemic neurons]]. | ||
*+/-Neuronal loss. | *+/-Neuronal loss. | ||
*+/-Microglial. | *+/-Microglial. | ||
*+/-[[Thrombosis]]. | *+/-[[Thrombosis]]. | ||
*+/-[[Atherosclerosis]]. | *+/-[[Atherosclerosis]]. | ||
DDx: | |||
*Hypoglycaemic injury.<ref name=pmid20666847/> | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:AcuteStroke_HE400x.jpg|Neuronal changes of an acute stroke. (WC/Martin Hasselblatt) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 07:59, 11 December 2014
Cerebrovascular accident, abbreviated CVA, is a common neurologic pathology. It is also known as a stroke.
General
- Very common.
- Leading cause of morbidity and mortality.
Etiologies:[1]
- Atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels or internal carotid artery.
- Embolism.
- Hemorrhage (ruptured berry aneurysm, cerebral amyloid angiopathy).
- Tumour.
- Others.
Clinical classification:
- Hemorrhagic stroke.
- Ischemic stroke.
Gross
- Soft/mushy brain.
- Older infarcts.
- A "roof" is present - a thin submeningeal layer is preserved by the CSF.[2]
- "Roof" is absent in trauma.
- Cavity - in older infarcts.
- Multiple sclerosis does not cavitate.
- A "roof" is present - a thin submeningeal layer is preserved by the CSF.[2]
- Laminar necrosis = (thin) chalky line replaces grey mater.[3]
DDx:
Images
Changes of CVA - right of image. (WC/Marvin 101)
Microscopic
Features:
- Ischemic neurons.
- +/-Neuronal loss.
- +/-Microglial.
- +/-Thrombosis.
- +/-Atherosclerosis.
DDx:
- Hypoglycaemic injury.[1]
Images
Neuronal changes of an acute stroke. (WC/Martin Hasselblatt)
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Love, S. (Feb 2011). "Autopsy approach to stroke.". Histopathology 58 (3): 333-51. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03614.x. PMID 20666847.
- ↑ MUN. 16 December 2009.
- ↑ URL: http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q03-Ans.htm. Accessed on: 26 October 2010.
- ↑ MUN. 26 November 2010.