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m (→Antiglomerular basement membrane disease: tweak) |
m (→Rare diseases: re-arr) |
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Note: | Note: | ||
*Normal GBM: 300-350 nm. | *Normal GBM: 300-350 nm. | ||
==Alport syndrome== | |||
===General=== | |||
Clinical: | |||
*Hearing loss (sensorineural). | |||
*Hematuria - usually preceeds hearing loss.<ref name=emedicine981126>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/981126-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/981126-overview]</ref> | |||
*Can be thought of a pathologic form of ''[[thin basement membrane disease]]''.<ref>AM. 13 August 2009.</ref> | |||
Etiology: | |||
*Genetic defect - collagen type IV. | |||
Inheritance:<ref name=emedicine981126/> | |||
*X-linked - 80%. | |||
*Autosomal recessive - 15%. | |||
*Autosomal dominant - 5%. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid9727383/> | |||
*Normal. | |||
===IF=== | |||
*Negative. | |||
===EM=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid9727383>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kashtan | first1 = CE. | title = Alport syndrome and thin glomerular basement membrane disease. | journal = J Am Soc Nephrol | volume = 9 | issue = 9 | pages = 1736-50 | month = Sep | year = 1998 | doi = | PMID = 9727383 | url=http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/9/9/1736.long}}</ref> | |||
*Abnormal glomerular basement membrane (GBM); thinning or thickening. | |||
**Classically thinning with thick lamellation (splitting/multi-layering). | |||
==Idiopathic nodular glomerulosclerosis== | ==Idiopathic nodular glomerulosclerosis== | ||
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**Aminoglycosides, | **Aminoglycosides, | ||
**Chloroquine. | **Chloroquine. | ||
==Myeloma== | ==Myeloma== |
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