48,830
edits
Difference between revisions of "Dermatopathology"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
re-subdivide
(re-subdivide) |
|||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
Pathology is a significant part of dermatology and dermatologists spend five years in residency. So, it is a huge area. | Pathology is a significant part of dermatology and dermatologists spend five years in residency. So, it is a huge area. | ||
=Layers of the skin= | |||
*Epidermis - outer most layer, avascular, separated from dermis by a basement membrane, epithelial tissue. | *Epidermis - outer most layer, avascular, separated from dermis by a basement membrane, epithelial tissue. | ||
*Dermis - below the epidermis, vascular, separated from the epidermis by a basement membrane, connective tissue. | *Dermis - below the epidermis, vascular, separated from the epidermis by a basement membrane, connective tissue. | ||
*Subdermis - below the dermis, connective tissue. | *Subdermis - below the dermis, connective tissue. | ||
==Layers of epidermis== | |||
Epidermis layers - from the surface to epidermal-dermal junction: | Epidermis layers - from the surface to epidermal-dermal junction: | ||
*Stratum corneum. | *Stratum corneum. | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
Mnemonic: ''Corn Lovers Grow Several Bales''. | Mnemonic: ''Corn Lovers Grow Several Bales''. | ||
=Adnexal structures= | |||
The top five structures of the skin:<ref>{{Ref Derm|4-8}}</ref> | The top five structures of the skin:<ref>{{Ref Derm|4-8}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 69: | Line 69: | ||
*Eccrine ducts - cuboidal type subepithelial cells. | *Eccrine ducts - cuboidal type subepithelial cells. | ||
=Common terms= | |||
*Acanthosis = thickening of the prickle layer (stratum spinosum) of epidermis.<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acanthosis http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acanthosis]</ref> | *Acanthosis = thickening of the prickle layer (stratum spinosum) of epidermis.<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acanthosis http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acanthosis]</ref> | ||
*Parakeratosis = retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum, normal in mucous membranes | *Parakeratosis = retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum, normal in mucous membranes | ||
| Line 78: | Line 78: | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spongiotic_dermatitis_%282%29_Dyshidrotic_.JPG Spongiosis (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spongiotic_dermatitis_%282%29_Dyshidrotic_.JPG Spongiosis (WC)]. | ||
=Skin diseases= | |||
==[[Cancer]]== | |||
{{main|Dermatologic cancer}} | {{main|Dermatologic cancer}} | ||
Skin cancer is very common. The basic DDx of a malignant skin lesion is: | Skin cancer is very common. The basic DDx of a malignant skin lesion is: | ||
| Line 87: | Line 87: | ||
*Metstases. | *Metstases. | ||
==Non-malignant disease== | |||
{{main|Non-malignant skin disease}} | {{main|Non-malignant skin disease}} | ||
Non-malignant skin disease is common. It is the domain of dermatologists. It can be scary for general anatomical pathologist because the differential diagnosis is often broad, and, it's generally not something the general anatomical pathologist sees a lot of. | Non-malignant skin disease is common. It is the domain of dermatologists. It can be scary for general anatomical pathologist because the differential diagnosis is often broad, and, it's generally not something the general anatomical pathologist sees a lot of. | ||
| Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
Bullous diseases, e.g. pemphigus vulgaris, is dealt with in the ''[[bullous disease]]'' article. | Bullous diseases, e.g. pemphigus vulgaris, is dealt with in the ''[[bullous disease]]'' article. | ||
=Common entities in tables= | |||
==Non-malignant non-cystic== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Entity | ! Entity | ||
| Line 205: | Line 205: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Non-malignant cystic== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Entity | ! Entity | ||
| Line 236: | Line 236: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Pre-malignant== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Entity | ! Entity | ||
| Line 256: | Line 256: | ||
| [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Actinic_Keratosis,_H%26E.jpg (WC)] | | [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Actinic_Keratosis,_H%26E.jpg (WC)] | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Common malignant== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Entity | ! Entity | ||
| Line 304: | Line 304: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Less common malignant== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Entity | ! Entity | ||
| Line 352: | Line 352: | ||
|} | |} | ||
=Presentations= | |||
==Leukoplakia== | |||
DDx:<ref>{{Ref PBoD|1065}}</ref> | DDx:<ref>{{Ref PBoD|1065}}</ref> | ||
*Vitiligo (loss of pigment). | *Vitiligo (loss of pigment). | ||
| Line 367: | Line 367: | ||
**[[Non-malignant_skin_disease#Lichen_simplex_chronicus|Lichen simplex chronicus]]. | **[[Non-malignant_skin_disease#Lichen_simplex_chronicus|Lichen simplex chronicus]]. | ||
=Skin disease and systemic conditions= | |||
==Acanthosis nigricans== | |||
Associated with: [[diabetes mellitus]],<ref>URL: [http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic1.htm http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic1.htm], URL: [http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/indexDisplay.cfm?ImageID=1943559504].</ref> malignancy.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8|596>{{Ref PCPBoD8|596}}</ref> | Associated with: [[diabetes mellitus]],<ref>URL: [http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic1.htm http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic1.htm], URL: [http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/indexDisplay.cfm?ImageID=1943559504].</ref> malignancy.<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8|596>{{Ref PCPBoD8|596}}</ref> | ||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features ''BPH'':<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8|596>{{Ref PCPBoD8|596}}</ref> | Features ''BPH'':<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8|596>{{Ref PCPBoD8|596}}</ref> | ||
*Basal cell hyperpigmentation. | *Basal cell hyperpigmentation. | ||
| Line 380: | Line 380: | ||
*[http://dermatology.cdlib.org/149/reviews/acanthosisnigricans/higgins.html AN (cdlib.org)]. | *[http://dermatology.cdlib.org/149/reviews/acanthosisnigricans/higgins.html AN (cdlib.org)]. | ||
==Others== | |||
*[[Dermatitis herpetiformis]]: gluten enteropathy ([[celiac disease]]), [[thyroid]] disease, intestinal [[lymphoma]].<ref>TN07 D23.</ref> | *[[Dermatitis herpetiformis]]: gluten enteropathy ([[celiac disease]]), [[thyroid]] disease, intestinal [[lymphoma]].<ref>TN07 D23.</ref> | ||
*[[Pemphigus vulgaris]]: [[thymoma]], myasthenia gravis, malignancy.<ref>TN07 D23.</ref> | *[[Pemphigus vulgaris]]: [[thymoma]], myasthenia gravis, malignancy.<ref>TN07 D23.</ref> | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Dermatopathology]] | [[Category:Dermatopathology]] | ||