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'''Dermal cysts''' are common in [[dermatopathology]]. Dermatopathologists can diagnose 'em. | '''Dermal cysts''', also '''skin cysts''', are common in [[dermatopathology]]. Dermatopathologists can diagnose 'em. | ||
= | =Overview= | ||
Common types:<ref> | Common types:<ref name=Ref_TN2007_D5>{{Ref TN2007| D5}}</ref> | ||
*[[Epidermal cyst]] (sebaceous cyst) -- most common. | *[[Epidermal cyst]] (sebaceous cyst) -- most common. | ||
*[[pilar cyst|Pilar ( | *[[pilar cyst|Pilar (trichilemmal) cyst]]. | ||
*Dermoid cyst. | *[[Dermoid cyst]]. | ||
*Ganglion cyst. | *[[Ganglion cyst]]. | ||
*Milicem. | *Milicem. | ||
== | ==Epidermal necrosis== | ||
* | *This may be cystic. It is covered in the ''[[epidermal necrosis]]'' article, which covers [[erythema multiforme]], [[Steven-Johnson syndrome]] and [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]]. | ||
=Common cysts= | |||
==Venous lake== | ==Venous lake== | ||
{{Main|Venous lake}} | |||
=== | ==Epidermal inclusion cyst== | ||
{{Main|Epidermal inclusion cyst}} | |||
==Pilar cyst== | |||
*[[ | *[[AKA]] ''trichilemmal cyst''. | ||
{{Main|Pilar cyst}} | |||
{{Main| | |||
== | ==Dermoid cyst== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Benign. | *Benign. | ||
* | *Congenital [[choristoma]]s.<ref name=dc_uiowa>Gandhi N, Syed NA, Alen R. Dermoid Cyst. EyeRounds.org. posted July 26, 2010; Available from: [http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm]. Accessed on: 22 September 2011.</ref> | ||
*May be found in the [[ovary]]. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref> | Features:<ref name=dc_uiowa>Gandhi N, Syed NA, Alen R. Dermoid Cyst. EyeRounds.org. posted July 26, 2010; Available from: [http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm]. Accessed on: 22 September 2011.</ref><ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_596>{{Ref PCPBoD8|596}}</ref> | ||
* | *Cyst lined by normal (keratinized) skin with adnexal structure (hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands). | ||
DDx: | |||
* | *[[Epidermal cyst]] - no adnexal structures. | ||
Images: | |||
: | *[http://webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu/eyeforum/cases-i/case115/larger/Figure3.jpg Dermoid cyst - low mag. (uiowa.edu)].<ref name=dc_uiowa>Gandhi N, Syed NA, Alen R. Dermoid Cyst. EyeRounds.org. posted July 26, 2010; Available from: [http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm http://www.EyeRounds.org/cases/115-dermoid-cyst.htm]. Accessed on: 22 September 2011.</ref> | ||
*[http://webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu/eyeforum/cases-i/case115/larger/Figure4.jpg Dermoid cyst - intermed. mag. (uiowa.edu)]. | |||
* | |||
=== | ===Sign out=== | ||
<pre> | |||
SKIN CYST, RIGHT LATERAL ORBIT, EXCISION: | |||
- DERMOID CYST | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
== | ==Pilonidal cyst== | ||
* | *[[AKA]] ''pilonidal sinus''. | ||
* | *[[AKA]] ''pilonidal disease''.<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788127-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788127-overview]. Accessed on: 10 September 2012.</ref> | ||
{{Main|Pilonidal sinus}} | |||
== | =Less common= | ||
==Steatocystoma== | |||
{{Main|Steatocystoma}} | |||
== | ==Digital mucous cyst== | ||
* | *[[AKA]] ''digital synovial cyst''.<ref name=dermpedia>URL: [http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst]. Accessed on: 17 January 2012.</ref> | ||
* | *[[AKA]] ''digital myxoid pseudocyst''.<ref name=dermpedia/> | ||
===General=== | |||
*Dome-shaped [[papule]]. | |||
=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref name=dermpedia>URL: [http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst]. Accessed on: 17 January 2012.</ref> | |||
* | *Mucous in superficial dermis - '''key feature'''. | ||
* | *No epithelial lining; it is a pseudocyst. | ||
= | Note: | ||
* | *Mucin = glycolated proteins; may be part of mucous. | ||
* | *Mucous = slippery secretion. | ||
**Some split hairs over the "u" - "mucus" vs. "mucous".<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mucous http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mucous]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref><ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mucus http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mucus]. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.</ref> | |||
DDx: | |||
* | *[[Focal cutaneous mucinosis]]. | ||
*[[Ganglion cyst]]. | |||
= | Images: | ||
*[[ | *[http://www.dermpedia.org/files/images/Digital_mucous_cyst_2.jpg Digital mucous cyst (dermpedia.org)].<ref name=dermpedia>URL: [http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst http://www.dermpedia.org/dermpedia-textbook/digital-mucous-myxoid-cyst]. Accessed on: 17 January 2012.</ref> | ||
*[http://www.dermpedia.org/files/images/Untitled89.jpg Digital mucous cyst (dermpedia.org)].<ref>URL: [http://www.dermpedia.org/case/digital-mucous-cyst-ganglion-type http://www.dermpedia.org/case/digital-mucous-cyst-ganglion-type]. Accessed on: 5 July 2013.</ref> | |||
=== | ===Sign out=== | ||
<pre> | |||
LESION, LEFT INDEX FINGER, EXCISION: | |||
- DIGITAL MUCOUS CYST. | |||
</pre> | |||
==Apocrine cystadenoma== | |||
== | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
* | *Uncommon. | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | Features:<ref name=Ref_Derm316>{{Ref Derm|316}}</ref> | ||
* | *Multiloculated. | ||
* | *Apocrine differentiation: columnar epithelium +/- apical snouts. | ||
* | *Solid areas of epithelial proliferation. | ||
*Papillary projections into the cyst. | |||
Images: | |||
*[[ | *[http://alf3.urz.unibas.ch/pathopic/e/getpic-fra.cfm?id=7292 Apocrine cystadenoma (unibas.ch)]. | ||
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/40764007@N08/6499470691/ Apocrine cystadenoma (flickr.com)]. | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Non-malignant skin disease]] | *[[Non-malignant skin disease]] | ||
*[[Dermatopathology introduction]] | *[[Dermatopathology introduction]] | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Non-malignant skin disease]] | [[Category:Non-malignant skin disease]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatopathology]] | [[Category:Dermatopathology]] |
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