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Difference between revisions of "Femoral head"
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Many of these can be "gross only". | Many of these can be "gross only". | ||
=Gross= | |||
Features to comment on:<ref name=Ref_Lester225>{{Ref Lester|225}}</ref> | |||
*Liberality (on requisition). | |||
*Dimensions of head and neck. | |||
*Shape of head (round? deformed?). | |||
*Resection margin (irregular?). | |||
*Cartilage (thinning/eburnation? separation from the cartilage). | |||
*Bone (subchondral cysts? subchondral sclerosis?). | |||
*Other (osteophytes? pannus?). | |||
Notes: | |||
*Some advocate the use of cardboard when cutting<ref name=pmid18486895>{{Cite journal | last1 = Dimenstein | first1 = IB. | title = Bone grossing techniques: helpful hints and procedures. | journal = Ann Diagn Pathol | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 191-8 | month = Jun | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2007.06.004 | PMID = 18486895 }}</ref> -- weird. | |||
=Criteria for gross only= | =Criteria for gross only= | ||
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=Diagnoses to consider= | =Diagnoses to consider= | ||
*Avascular necrosis of the femoral head. | *Avascular necrosis of the femoral head. | ||
*Osteoarthritis. | *[[Osteoarthritis]]. | ||
*Rheumatologic disease - rheumatoid arthritis. | |||
*Pathologic fracture. | *Pathologic fracture. | ||
*Infection ([[osteomyelitis]]). | |||
=Specific diagnoses= | =Specific diagnoses= | ||
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===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
Features: | Features:<ref name=Ref_Lester224>{{Ref Lester|224}}</ref> | ||
*Cartilage separates from the bone. | *Wedge-shaped pale yellow below cartilage. | ||
*+/-Cartilage separates from the bone. | |||
*+/-Deformation of femoral head. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref name=pmid20513874>{{Cite journal | last1 = Steffen | first1 = RT. | last2 = Athanasou | first2 = NA. | last3 = Gill | first3 = HS. | last4 = Murray | first4 = DW. | title = Avascular necrosis associated with fracture of the femoral neck after hip resurfacing: histological assessment of femoral bone from retrieval specimens. | journal = J Bone Joint Surg Br | volume = 92 | issue = 6 | pages = 787-93 | month = Jun | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1302/0301-620X.92B6.23377 | PMID = 20513874 }} | Features:<ref name=pmid20513874>{{Cite journal | last1 = Steffen | first1 = RT. | last2 = Athanasou | first2 = NA. | last3 = Gill | first3 = HS. | last4 = Murray | first4 = DW. | title = Avascular necrosis associated with fracture of the femoral neck after hip resurfacing: histological assessment of femoral bone from retrieval specimens. | journal = J Bone Joint Surg Br | volume = 92 | issue = 6 | pages = 787-93 | month = Jun | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1302/0301-620X.92B6.23377 | PMID = 20513874 }} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
*Empty lacunae. | *Empty lacunae (indicative of necrotic bone). | ||
==Osteoarthritis== | ==Osteoarthritis== | ||
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==Infection== | ==Infection== | ||
:See ''[[Osteomyelitis]]''. | :See ''[[Osteomyelitis]]''. | ||
==Rheumatoid arthritis== | |||
===Gross=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Pannus<ref name=Ref_Lester223>{{Ref Lester|223}}</ref> - fibrovascular tissue or granulation tissue. | |||
Image: [http://www.tumorlibrary.com/case/detail.jsp?image_id=3907 RA (tumorlibrary.com)]. | |||
=See also= | =See also= | ||