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| ==Hereditary renal cell carcinoma== | | ==Hereditary renal cell carcinoma== |
| The classics - which are ''all'' autosomal dominant:<ref name=Ref_PBoD1016>{{Ref PBoD|1016}}</ref>
| | {{Main|Hereditary renal cell carcinoma}} |
| # [[Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome]].
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| #* VHL gene mutation.
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| #* Clear cell RCC.
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| # Hereditary [[clear cell renal cell carcinoma]].
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| #* VHL gene mutation.
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| # Hereditary [[papillary renal cell carcinoma]].
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| #* MET proto-oncogene mutation.
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| #* PaRCC type 1.<ref name=Ref_WMSP290>{{Ref WMSP|290}}</ref>
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| # [[Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer]]:<ref name=Ref_WMSP290>{{Ref WMSP|290}}</ref>
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| #* FH (fumarate hydratase) gene mutation.<ref name=omim136850>{{OMIM|136850}}</ref>
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| #* PaRCC type 2.
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| #* Benign [[leiomyoma]]s skin/[[uterine leiomyoma|uterus]].
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| #* Uterine [[leiomyosarcoma]].
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| # [[Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome]]:<ref name=Ref_WMSP290>{{Ref WMSP|290}}</ref>
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| #* FLCN (folliculin) gene mutation.<ref name=omim135150>{{OMIM|135150}}</ref>
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| #* Skin lesions (fibrofolliculoma, trichodiscoma, [[acrochordon]]).
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| #* ChRCC most common, other types seen (e.g. [[renal oncocytoma|oncocytoma]]).
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| #* Variable penetrance (autosomal dominant).
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| Others:
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| * Hereditary papillary carcinoma (TFE3 related translocations).<ref name=omim314310>{{OMIM|314310}}</ref>
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| Notes:<br>
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| *A total of ten hereditary renal cancer syndromes have been described. In eight of the ten the gene is known.<ref name=pmid20817385>{{Cite journal | last1 = Verine | first1 = J. | last2 = Pluvinage | first2 = A. | last3 = Bousquet | first3 = G. | last4 = Lehmann-Che | first4 = J. | last5 = de Bazelaire | first5 = C. | last6 = Soufir | first6 = N. | last7 = Mongiat-Artus | first7 = P. | title = Hereditary renal cancer syndromes: an update of a systematic review. | journal = Eur Urol | volume = 58 | issue = 5 | pages = 701-10 | month = Nov | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.08.031 | PMID = 20817385 }}</ref>
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| ===Molecular===
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| Recurrent molecular changes in RCC:
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| *Clear cell RCC:
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| **Loss of 3p - contains the VHL gene.
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| *Papillary RCC:
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| **Sporadic:
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| ***Trisomy 7, 16, 17.
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| ***Loss of Y.
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| **Familial:
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| ***Trisomy 7 - contains MET gene.<ref>{{OMIM|164860}}</ref>
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| ==Renal cell carcinoma grading== | | ==Renal cell carcinoma grading== |