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Difference between revisions of "Aspiration pneumonia"
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'''Aspiration pneumonia''' is a type of [[pneumonia]]. | |||
==General== | |||
*Not associated with microorganisms - though empiric antibiotics are relatively common to cover infectious pneumonias that cannot be excluded easily on clinical grounds.<ref name=pmid21263315>{{Cite journal | last1 = Raghavendran | first1 = K. | last2 = Nemzek | first2 = J. | last3 = Napolitano | first3 = LM. | last4 = Knight | first4 = PR. | title = Aspiration-induced lung injury. | journal = Crit Care Med | volume = 39 | issue = 4 | pages = 818-26 | month = Apr | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31820a856b | PMID = 21263315 }}</ref> | |||
*Usually seen in the context of a toxin and/or pathology that affects the swallowing and cough reflexes.<ref name=pmid16082150>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ohrui | first1 = T. | title = Preventive strategies for aspiration pneumonia in elderly disabled persons. | journal = Tohoku J Exp Med | volume = 207 | issue = 1 | pages = 3-12 | month = Sep | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16082150 }}</ref> | |||
Common associations:<ref name=pmid16082150/> | |||
*[[Stroke]]. | |||
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]. | |||
*[[Alcohol]] intoxication. | |||
Other risk factors:<ref name=pmid21263315/> | |||
*Traumatic brain injury. | |||
*Seizure disorder. | |||
*Bowel obstruction. | |||
*Drugs. | |||
*[[Obesity]]. | |||
*Labour. | |||
Note: | |||
*A special type of aspiration pneumonia is ''lipoid pneumonia''. It is dealt with in the ''[[lipoid pneumonia]]'' article. | |||
==Gross== | |||
*More common in the right lung. | |||
**Right main stem bronchus is more vertical. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Neutrophils. | |||
*Foreign material, e.g. plant matter. | |||
*+/-Foreign body giant cells. | |||
*+/-Microorganisms. | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Acute infectious pneumonia]]. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Aspiration_pneumonia_%281%29.jpg | Aspiration pneumonia - 1 - (WC) | |||
Image:Aspiration_pneumonia_%282%29.jpg | Aspiration pneumonia - 2 - (WC) | |||
Image:Aspiration_pneumonia_%283%29.jpg | Aspiration pneumonia - 3 - (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Pneumonia]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|1}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonary pathology]] | |||