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Difference between revisions of "Surgical margins"
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[[Image:Urothelial_carcinoma_positive_margin_-_alt_--_high_mag.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A positive surgical margin (ink on tumour) in [[urothelial carcinoma]]. [[H&E stain]].]] | [[Image:Urothelial_carcinoma_positive_margin_-_alt_--_high_mag.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A positive surgical margin ([[ink]] on tumour) in [[urothelial carcinoma]]. [[H&E stain]].]] | ||
[[Image:Positive_margin_with_cautery_artefact_-_adenocarcinoma_-_high_mag.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A positive surgical margin (tumour with [[cautery artifact]]) in [[colorectal carcinoma]]. [[H&E stain]].]] | [[Image:Positive_margin_with_cautery_artefact_-_adenocarcinoma_-_high_mag.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A positive surgical margin (tumour with [[cautery artifact]]) in [[colorectal carcinoma]]. [[H&E stain]].]] | ||
The '''surgical margins''', often simply referred to as '''margins''', are the set of surfaces that were cut by the surgeon in order to remove the specimen from the body. The distance between the tumour and the margin is called the '''surgical clearance''', a term that may be used interchangeably with the term ''surgical margin''.<ref name=pmid8443747>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ng | first1 = IO. | last2 = Luk | first2 = IS. | last3 = Yuen | first3 = ST. | last4 = Lau | first4 = PW. | last5 = Pritchett | first5 = CJ. | last6 = Ng | first6 = M. | last7 = Poon | first7 = GP. | last8 = Ho | first8 = J. | title = Surgical lateral clearance in resected rectal carcinomas. A multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic features. | journal = Cancer | volume = 71 | issue = 6 | pages = 1972-6 | month = Mar | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8443747 }}</ref> Margins are important as an incompletely removed disease process may lead to re-occurrence. | The '''surgical margins''', often simply referred to as '''margins''', are the set of surfaces that were cut by the surgeon in order to remove the specimen from the body. The distance between the tumour and the margin is called the '''surgical clearance''', a term that may be used interchangeably with the term ''surgical margin''.<ref name=pmid8443747>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ng | first1 = IO. | last2 = Luk | first2 = IS. | last3 = Yuen | first3 = ST. | last4 = Lau | first4 = PW. | last5 = Pritchett | first5 = CJ. | last6 = Ng | first6 = M. | last7 = Poon | first7 = GP. | last8 = Ho | first8 = J. | title = Surgical lateral clearance in resected rectal carcinomas. A multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic features. | journal = Cancer | volume = 71 | issue = 6 | pages = 1972-6 | month = Mar | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8443747 }}</ref> Margins are important as an incompletely removed disease process may lead to re-occurrence. | ||
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| [[Ductal carcinoma in situ]] | | [[Ductal carcinoma in situ]] | ||
| ink cannot be on tumour - consensus of Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology (for low stage tumours)<ref name=pmid24521674>{{Cite journal | last1 = Moran | first1 = MS. | last2 = Schnitt | first2 = SJ. | last3 = Giuliano | first3 = AE. | last4 = Harris | first4 = JR. | last5 = Khan | first5 = SA. | last6 = Horton | first6 = J. | last7 = Klimberg | first7 = S. | last8 = Chavez-MacGregor | first8 = M. | last9 = Freedman | first9 = G. | title = Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in stages I and II invasive breast cancer. | journal = Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys | volume = 88 | issue = 3 | pages = 553-64 | month = Mar | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.11.012 | PMID = 24521674 }}</ref> | | [[ink]] cannot be on tumour - consensus of Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology (for low stage tumours)<ref name=pmid24521674>{{Cite journal | last1 = Moran | first1 = MS. | last2 = Schnitt | first2 = SJ. | last3 = Giuliano | first3 = AE. | last4 = Harris | first4 = JR. | last5 = Khan | first5 = SA. | last6 = Horton | first6 = J. | last7 = Klimberg | first7 = S. | last8 = Chavez-MacGregor | first8 = M. | last9 = Freedman | first9 = G. | title = Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in stages I and II invasive breast cancer. | journal = Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys | volume = 88 | issue = 3 | pages = 553-64 | month = Mar | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.11.012 | PMID = 24521674 }}</ref> | ||
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| [[Breast pathology]] | | [[Breast pathology]] | ||
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*[[Frozen section]]. | *[[Frozen section]]. | ||
*[[Crush artifact]]. | *[[Crush artifact]]. | ||
*[[Marking ink]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||