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→Microscopic: update on epitheoioid GBM and giant cell gbm
Jensflorian (talk | contribs) (WHO 2016 pattern update) |
Jensflorian (talk | contribs) (→Microscopic: update on epitheoioid GBM and giant cell gbm) |
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Glioblastoma variants: | Glioblastoma variants: | ||
*Giant cell glioblastoma (ICD-O: 9441/3) | *Giant cell glioblastoma (ICD-O: 9441/3) | ||
** Bizarre multinucleated giant cells. | |||
** Reticulin may be abundant. | |||
** Mean age 44 years, outcome somewhat better than conventional GBM. | |||
** IDH-wildtype, but frequent p53 mutations. | |||
*Epitheloid glioblastoma (ICD-O: 9440/3) <ref>te journal | last1 = Kleinschmidt-DeMasters | first1 = BK. | last2 = Aisner | first2 = DL. | last3 = Birks | first3 = DK. | last4 = Foreman | first4 = NK. | title = Epithelioid GBMs show a high percentage of BRAF V600E mutation. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 37 | issue = 5 | pages = 685-98 | month = May | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31827f9c5e | PMID = 23552385 }}</ref> | |||
** Closely packed epithelioid to rhabdoid cells, often dicohesive. | |||
** Xanthomaous changes less common than in PXA. | |||
** Children and young adults, outcome particularly poor. | |||
** Up to 50% BRAF V600E mutations. | |||
*[[Gliosarcoma]] (ICD-O: 9442/3) | *[[Gliosarcoma]] (ICD-O: 9442/3) | ||