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Difference between revisions of "Vascular thrombus"
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'''Vascular thrombus''' is an uncommon [[pathology]] specimen that may be from an artery or vein. | |||
''Venous thrombus'' and ''arterial thrombus'' redirect here. | |||
==General== | |||
*Uncommonly comes to [[pathology]]. | |||
Risk factors - think [[Virchow's triad]]: | |||
*Stasis, e.g. atrial fibrillation. | |||
*Hypercoagulable states, e.g. cancer - see ''[[risks factors venous thromboembolism]]''. | |||
*Endothelial injury. | |||
===Gross=== | |||
: See ''[[pulmonary embolism]]''. | |||
Features: | |||
*Dull appearance. | |||
*Laminations. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Layers consisting of platelets and fibrin. | |||
**Classically alternating with layers of RBCs - known as ''Lines of Zahn''.<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_124>{{Ref PBoD8|124}}</ref> | |||
Note: | |||
*Multiple laminations (layers), in general, suggest that clot was formed in a dynamic environment, i.e. in the context of blood flow. | |||
DDx: | |||
*Tumour embolus - malignant cells. | |||
*Thromboembolus - may require [[clinical history]]. | |||
*[[Fat embolism]]. | |||
*Amniotic fluid embolus - in the context of pregnancy/postpartum. | |||
*Foreign body. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Laminations_in_a_thrombus_-_low_mag.jpg | Laminated thrombus - low mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Laminations_in_a_thrombus_-_high_mag.jpg | Laminated thrombus - high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
====www==== | |||
*[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/ATHHTML/ATH031.html Lines of Zahn (utah.edu)]. | |||
*[http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case9/image94.html Lines of Zahn (ucsf.edu)]. | |||
==Sign out== | |||
<pre> | |||
BLOOD CLOT, LEFT ILIAC ARTERY, THROMBECTOMY: | |||
- THROMBUS. | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
BLOOD CLOT, LEFT ARM - BRACHIAL ARTERY, THROMBECTOMY/EMBOLECTOMY: | |||
- THROMBUS. | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
===Micro=== | |||
The sections show layers of red blood cells alternating with fibrin and white blood cells (Lines of Zahn). | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Cardiovascular pathology]]. | |||
*[[Ditzels]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|1}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Ditzels]] | |||