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Difference between revisions of "Testis"
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{{Main|Embryonal carcinoma}} | {{Main|Embryonal carcinoma}} | ||
These often look like a poorly differentiated carcinoma. | These often look like a poorly differentiated carcinoma. | ||
===General=== | |||
*Affects young adults. | |||
**May be seen in women. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref name=Ref_GUP549>{{Ref GUP|549}}</ref> | |||
#Nucleoli - '''key feature'''. | |||
#Vesicular nuclei (clear, empty appearing nuclei) - '''key feature'''. | |||
#Nuclei overlap. | |||
#[[Necrosis]] - common. | |||
#*Not commonly present in seminoma. | |||
#Indistinct cell borders | |||
#Mitoses - common. | |||
#Variable architecture: | |||
#*Tubulopapillary. | |||
#*Glandular. | |||
#*Solid. | |||
#*Embryoid bodies - ball of cells in surrounded by empty space on three sides. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Cytoplasmic staining variable (eosinophilic to basophilic). | |||
==Choriocarcinoma== | ==Choriocarcinoma== | ||
{{Main|Choriocarcinoma}} | {{Main|Choriocarcinoma}} | ||
These are aggressive tumours. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Syncytiotrophoblasts: | |||
**Large + many irreg. or lobular hyperchromatic nuclei. | |||
**Eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm (contains hCG). | |||
*'''C'''ytotrophoblasts: | |||
**'''C'''lear cytoplasm. | |||
**Polygonal shaped cells in cords/masses. | |||
**Distinct cell borders. | |||
**Single uniform nucleus. | |||
*+/-Hemorrhage. | |||
*+/-Necrosis. | |||
==Teratoma== | ==Teratoma== | ||
{{Main|Teratoma}} | {{Main|Teratoma}} | ||
In males these tumours are always malignant. | In males these tumours are always malignant. They consist of all three [[germ layers]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Moore, Keith L.; Persaud, T.V.N.|title=The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology |publisher=Saunders |location= |year=2002 |pages= 83 |edition=7th |isbn=978-0721694122 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
==Leydig cell tumour== | ==Leydig cell tumour== | ||