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| ==Volvulus== | | ==Volvulus== |
| ===General===
| | {{Main|Volvulus}} |
| *Uncommonly comes to pathology.
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| *It is essentially a radiologic diagnosis.
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| *In the context of [[autopsy]], it is a gross diagnosis.
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| ===Gross===
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| *Intestine folded over itself - typically leads to ischemia.
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| Images:
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| *[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/GIHTML/GI032.html Cecal volvulus (utah.edu)].
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| *[http://pathsrvr.rockford.uic.edu/inet/GI/Photo%202%20-%20Volvulus%20of%20small%20intestine_%20gross.gif Volvulus (uic.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://pathsrvr.rockford.uic.edu/inet/GI/GI%20Station%201.htm http://pathsrvr.rockford.uic.edu/inet/GI/GI%20Station%201.htm]. Accessed on: 9 April 2012.</ref>
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| ===Microscopic===
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| Features:
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| *+/-Ischemic changes and/or [[necrosis]].
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| DDx - essentially anything that causes ischemia:
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| *Embolus.
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| *Thrombosis.
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| *[[Vasculitis]].
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| ===Sign out===
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| <pre>
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| RECTOSIGMOID, RESECTION:
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| - MURAL ISCHEMIA WITH PERFORATION, SEROSITIS, MICROABSCESS FORMATION AND POORLY FORMED PSEUDOMEMBRANES.
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| - SUBMUCOSAL FIBROSIS.
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| - NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
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| COMMENT:
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| The findings are consistent with volvulus and the submucosal fibrosis suggests this may have been recurrent.
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| </pre>
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| =Inflammatory diseases= | | =Inflammatory diseases= |