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Difference between revisions of "Cytogenetics Review Questions"
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{{hidden|What is NOR?|NOR is a silver staining procedure which stains the nucleolus organizer regions of satellited chromosomes (used to study the size of stalks and satellites in the acrocentric chromosomes)}} | {{hidden|What is NOR?|NOR is a silver staining procedure which stains the nucleolus organizer regions of satellited chromosomes (used to study the size of stalks and satellites in the acrocentric chromosomes)}} | ||
{{hidden|List the metacentric chromosomes.|}} | {{hidden|List the metacentric chromosomes.|}} | ||
{{hidden|List the submetacentric chromosomes.|}} | {{hidden|List the submetacentric chromosomes.|}} | ||
{{hidden|List the acrocentric chromosomes.|}} | {{hidden|List the acrocentric chromosomes.|}} | ||
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{{hidden|What are chromosomal polymorphisms?|Chromosomal polymorphisms are variants of chromosomes that are widespread in a particular population which to date are not known to have any effect on the phenotype, they vary in size, position, and staining properties but must occur in heterochromatin regions usually near the centromere.}} | {{hidden|What are chromosomal polymorphisms?|Chromosomal polymorphisms are variants of chromosomes that are widespread in a particular population which to date are not known to have any effect on the phenotype, they vary in size, position, and staining properties but must occur in heterochromatin regions usually near the centromere.}} | ||
{{hidden|List 3 known chromosomal polymorphisms, according to ISCN 2013.|[[Chromosomal polymorphisms]]}} | {{hidden|List 3 known chromosomal polymorphisms, according to ISCN 2013.|[[Chromosomal polymorphisms]]}} | ||
{{hidden|Classify numerical abnormalities of chromosomes.|1) polyploidy (multiple complete sets of chromosomes, e.g. 3N), 2) Aneuploidy (monosomy (e.g. Turner's syndrome), trisomy (e.g. trisomy 18, 13, or 21), tetrasomy))}} | |||
{{hidden|What are the four main types of abnormalities in chromosome structure?|1) Deletion, 2) duplication, 3) rearrangement (inversion or insertion), 4) translocation)); | |||
{{hidden|What is the key difference between a balanced and an unbalanced chromosomal rearrangement?|Balanced translocations imply that there is no missing or excess genetic material, while unbalanced translocations have either missing or excess genetic material from that of a normal genotype.}} | |||
{{hidden|List three types of balanced chromosomal rearrangements.|Translocation, inversion, insertion.}} | |||
{{hidden|List three unbalanced numerical chromosomal rearrangements.|trisomy, monosomy, multiploidy}} | |||
{{hidden|List 5 structural unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements.|deletion, duplication, derivative chromsome, recombination chromosome, marker chromosome, ring chromosome, Dm & HSR}} | |||
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