Difference between revisions of "Robbins and Cotran 9th Edition Questions"

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== Chapter 1 ==
== Chapter 1: The Cell as a Unit of Health and Disease==




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{{hidden|List and describe the 3 main classifications of cell junctions.|[[1) Tight /occluding junctions - form a high resistance barrier to solute movement, and allows the cell to maintain polarity, 2) anchoring junctions / desmosomes - mechanically attach the cell and their cytoskeleton to other cells and the ECM (hemidesmosome), 3)communicating/gap junctions - mediate the passage of chemical or electrical signals from one cell to another.]]}}
{{hidden|List and describe the 3 main classifications of cell junctions.|[[1) Tight /occluding junctions - form a high resistance barrier to solute movement, and allows the cell to maintain polarity, 2) anchoring junctions / desmosomes - mechanically attach the cell and their cytoskeleton to other cells and the ECM (hemidesmosome), 3)communicating/gap junctions - mediate the passage of chemical or electrical signals from one cell to another.]]}}


{{hidden|What is the "unfolded protein response"?| Excess accumulation of misfolded protiens, which exceed the capacity of the ER to edit and degrade them, leads to the the ER stress response (UPR) that triggers cell death through apoptosis.]]}}


{{hidden|What cell organelle has a reactive hyperplasia with repeated exposure to phenobarbitol catabolism in the cytocrhome p450 system?|[[Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.]]}}
{{hidden|List three main functions of mitochondria.|[[1) Energy generation, 2) intermediate metabolism (instead of ATP make intemediate that can be used to make lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins), 3) Cell death ( necrosis & apoptosis)]]}}
{{hidden|List and describe the four extracellular cell-cell signaling pathways based on the distance the signal travels.|[[1)Paracrine (immediate vicinity), 2) Autocrine (cell affecting itself), 3) Synaptic (neurons sending neurotransmitters at synapse), 4) endocrine (signals released elsewhere into bloodstream).]]}}


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