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Difference between revisions of "Robbins and Cotran 9th Edition Questions"
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Robbins and Cotran 9th Edition Questions (view source)
Revision as of 15:15, 18 May 2015
, 15:15, 18 May 2015→Chapter 1
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== Chapter 1 == | == Chapter 1 == | ||
{{hidden|How much of the human genome is coding and what does it code?|[[Of the 3.2b basepairs, there are 20,000 genes that comprise about 1.5% of the genome that code for proteins (enzymes, structural components, and signaling molecules used to assemble and maintain all the cells in the body]]}} | |||
{{hidden|What do we think that the rest of the genome does?|[[80% of the genome binds proteins, implying that it is involved in regulating gene expression, related to the regulation of gene expression, often in a cell-type specific fashion.]]}} | |||
{{hidden|List the major classes of functional non-protein-coding sequences found in the human genome.|[[1. Promoter & enhancer, 2. Chromatin binding site structures, 3. non-coding regulatory RNAs, 4. Mobile genetic elements (transposons), 5. telomeres, 6. centromers. ]]}} | |||
{{hidden|What are the two most common forms of DNA variation in the human genome?|[[1) Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 2) copy number variations (CNVs)]]}} | |||
{{hidden|What are the possible implications of SNPs.|[[1) regulatory = alters gene expression, 2) Correlation with disease states when in close proximity with altered genes, 3) association used to define linkage disequilibrium,?]]}} | |||
{{hidden|Define epigenetics.|{{Heritable changes in gene expression which are not caused by alterations in DNA sequence.]]}} | |||
{{hidden|List the 6 types of epigenetic changes.|[[1) Histone & histone modifying factors (Histones organize chromatin into heterochromatin and euchromatin, 2) histone methylation, 3) histone acteylation, 4)histone phosphorylation, 5) DNA methylation, 6) Chromatin organizing factors.]]}} | |||
{{hidden|What is the function of micro-RNA (mi-RNA)?|[[It does not encode protein, instead they function primarily to modulate the translation of target mRNAs into their corresponding proteins, and are responsible for post-transcriptional silencing of gene expression.]]}} | |||
{{hidden|What is knockdown technology?|[[The use of synthetic si-RNA (short RNA sequences) introduced into cells that serve as substrates for Dicer and interact with the RISC complex in a manner analogous to endogenous miRNAs, and are used to study gene function, and are being developed as therapeutic agents to silence pathogenic genes, e.g. oncogenic in neoplasms.]]}} | |||
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== Chapter 2 == | == Chapter 2 == | ||
== Chapter 3 == | == Chapter 3 == | ||