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Difference between revisions of "An introduction to gastrointestinal pathology"
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An introduction to gastrointestinal pathology (view source)
Revision as of 20:36, 16 January 2011
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'''Gastrointestinal pathology''' is a large part of pathology as [[radiologist]]s can often describe the extent of disease... but don't get the diagnosis right all the time. | '''Gastrointestinal pathology''' is a large part of pathology as [[radiologist]]s can often describe the extent of disease... but don't get the diagnosis right all the time. | ||
=Normal= | |||
===Layers=== | ===Layers=== | ||
Layers of the alimentary canal:<ref>URL: [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Oral.htm http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Oral.htm].</ref><ref>URL: [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Images/gitplan.gif http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Images/gitplan.gif].</ref> | Layers of the alimentary canal:<ref>URL: [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Oral.htm http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Oral.htm].</ref><ref>URL: [http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Images/gitplan.gif http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Oral/Images/gitplan.gif].</ref> | ||
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**More lymphocytes usually. | **More lymphocytes usually. | ||
=Luminal gastroenterology= | |||
===Intestinal polyps=== | ===Intestinal polyps=== | ||
{{main|Intestinal polyps}} | {{main|Intestinal polyps}} | ||
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Acute appendicitis and more... | Acute appendicitis and more... | ||
=Accessory GI= | |||
===Gallbladder=== | ===Gallbladder=== | ||
{{main|Gallbladder}} | {{main|Gallbladder}} | ||
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An organ that is occasionally afflicted by cancer. It is primarily seen in large centers where they do ERCPs and Whipples. | An organ that is occasionally afflicted by cancer. It is primarily seen in large centers where they do ERCPs and Whipples. | ||
==See also | =Pathology= | ||
==Graft-versus-host disease== | |||
*Abbreviated as ''GVHD''. | |||
===General=== | |||
*Complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, i.e. bone marrow transplantation (BMT). | |||
*Histology of GVHD the same rejection in bowel transplantation.<ref>GT. 14 January 2011.</ref> | |||
Clinical: | |||
*May present as diarrhea. | |||
*Main DDx (clinical): infection. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid20953169>{{cite journal |author=Cogbill CH, Drobyski WR, Komorowski RA |title=Gastrointestinal pathology of autologous graft-versus-host disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a clinicopathological study of 17 cases |journal=Mod. Pathol. |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=117–25 |year=2011 |month=January |pmid=20953169 |doi=10.1038/modpathol.2010.163 |url=http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v24/n1/full/modpathol2010163a.htm}}</ref> | |||
*Isolated epithelial cell apoptosis - '''key feature'''. | |||
*+/-Crypt destruction (focal or extensive). | |||
*+/-Loss of epithelium (denudation). | |||
Notes: | |||
*Neutrophils should not be present. | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v24/n1/fig_tab/modpathol2010163f1.html#figure-title GVHD grade 1-4 (nature.com)]. | |||
====Grading<ref name=pmid20953169/>==== | |||
*Grade 1 = isolated epithelial cell apoptosis. | |||
**No crypt loss/destruction. | |||
*Grade 2 = individual crypts are lost/scatter destruction of single crypts. | |||
*Grade 3 = foci several adjacent crypts lost. | |||
*Grade 4 = large number of adjacent crypts lost/loss of epithelium. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Low-grade rejection is a diagnosis that requires a careful examination, i.e. it is subtle. | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Introduction]]. | *[[Introduction]]. | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal pathology]] | [[Category:Gastrointestinal pathology]] | ||