Difference between revisions of "An introduction to head and neck pathology"

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An introduction to head and neck pathology (view source)

Revision as of 05:15, 27 July 2014

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→‎Olfactory neuroblastoma: split out
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:See also: ''[[neuroblastoma]]''.
:See also: ''[[neuroblastoma]]''.
*[[AKA]] ''esthesioneuroblastoma''.
*[[AKA]] ''esthesioneuroblastoma''.
===General===
{{Main|Olfactory neuroblastoma}}
Epidemiology:<ref name=pmid20596981/>
*Prognosis: poor.
*Wide age range with bimodal distribution - teens and 60s.
*No sex predilection.
 
Clinical presentation:<ref name=pmid20596981>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Thompson | first1 = LD. | title = Olfactory neuroblastoma. | journal = Head Neck Pathol | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 252-9 | month = Sep | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1007/s12105-009-0125-2 | PMID = 20596981 | PMC = 2811627 | URL = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811627/?tool=pubmed }}</ref>
*Nasal obstruction ~ 70%.
*Epistaxis ~ 50%.
*Anosmia.
*Headache.
 
===Gross===
*Arises from olfactory mucosa - upper nasal cavity.<ref name=Ref_WMSP41>{{Ref WMSP|41}}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=pmid20596981/>
*[[Small round cell tumour|Small round (blue) cell tumour]] with:
**Stippled chromatin.
**High NC ratio.
*+/-Flexner-Wintersteiner [[rosette]] - rosette with empty centre (donut hole).
*+/-Fibrillary, eosinophilic material (neuropil-like).<ref name=Ref_WMSP41>{{Ref WMSP|41}}</ref>
 
DDx:
*[[Lymphoma]].
*[[Small cell carcinoma]].
*Other [[small round cell tumours]].
*Basaloid squamous carcinoma.{{fact}}
 
Images:
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case467/images/fig02.jpg Olfactory neuroblastoma - crappy image (upmc.edu)].<ref>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case467.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case467.html]. Accessed on: 21 January 2012.</ref>
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811627/figure/Fig6/ Olfactory neuroblastoma (nih.gov)].<ref name=pmid20596981/>
 
===IHC===
*S100:
**Sustentacular cells +ve.
**Small round cells -ve.
*Neuroendocrine markers +ve (CD56, synaptophysin).
 
Others:
*CD45 -ve (r/o [[lymphoma]]).
*AE1/AE3 usu. -ve (r/o carcinoma).
*CAM5.2 usu. -ve -- up to 35% +ve.<ref name=Ref_WMSP41>{{Ref WMSP|41}}</ref>


==Craniopharyngioma==
==Craniopharyngioma==
Michael
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