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Difference between revisions of "Chondrocalcinosis"
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'''Chondrocalcinosis''', also '''calcium pyrophosphate deposition''' and '''calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease''' (abbreviated '''CPPD'''),<ref>URL: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001458/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001458/]. Accessed on: 28 October 2011.</ref> is a benign condition of the [[joints]]. | |||
It was previously known as '''pseudogout'''.<ref>URL: [http://www.rheumatology.org/practice/clinical/patients/diseases_and_conditions/pseudogout.asp http://www.rheumatology.org/practice/clinical/patients/diseases_and_conditions/pseudogout.asp]. Accessed on: 12 March 2014.</ref> | |||
==General== | |||
*Classically found in the knee. | |||
*Associated with low bone mineral density and vascular calcification.<ref name=pmid23912799>{{Cite journal | last1 = Abhishek | first1 = A. | last2 = Doherty | first2 = S. | last3 = Maciewicz | first3 = R. | last4 = Muir | first4 = K. | last5 = Zhang | first5 = W. | last6 = Doherty | first6 = M. | title = Association between low cortical bone mineral density, soft-tissue calcification, vascular calcification and chondrocalcinosis: a case-control study. | journal = Ann Rheum Dis | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Aug | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203400 | PMID = 23912799 }}</ref> | |||
==Radiology== | |||
*Similar to [[osteoarthritis]] - joint space narrowing & subchondral sclerosis.<ref name=learningrads>URL: [http://www.learningradiology.com/archives04/COW%20102-CPPD/cppdcorrectpage.htm http://www.learningradiology.com/archives04/COW%20102-CPPD/cppdcorrectpage.htm]. Accessed on: 9 October 2013.</ref> | |||
Findings suggestive of CPPD:<ref name=learningrads>URL: [http://www.learningradiology.com/archives04/COW%20102-CPPD/cppdcorrectpage.htm http://www.learningradiology.com/archives04/COW%20102-CPPD/cppdcorrectpage.htm]. Accessed on: 9 October 2013.</ref> | |||
*Subchondral cysts (large) - important. | |||
*Intra-articular bodies, several. | |||
*Increased narrowing of patellofemoral joint. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Crystals with a rhomboid-shape. | |||
**Positively birefringent, blue when aligned. | |||
Notes: | |||
*Memory device: ''ABC+'' = ''a''ligned ''b''lue is ''c''alcium & ''c''uboid - positively birefringent. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Pseudogout_-_intermed_mag.jpg | Pseudogout - intermed. mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Pseudogout_-_high_mag.jpg | Pseudogout - high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
www: | |||
*[http://ard.highwire.org/content/58/5/261/F2.large.jpg Pseudogout (highwire.org)].<ref name=pmid10225806>{{Cite journal | last1 = Dieppe | first1 = P. | last2 = Swan | first2 = A. | title = Identification of crystals in synovial fluid. | journal = Ann Rheum Dis | volume = 58 | issue = 5 | pages = 261-3 | month = May | year = 1999 | doi = | PMID = 10225806 | PMC = 1752883 | URL = http://ard.highwire.org/content/58/5/261.full }}</ref> | |||
==Sign-out== | |||
<pre> | |||
KNEE - BONE AND SOFT TISSUE, RIGHT, KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: | |||
- DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE WITH SYNOVIAL HYPERPLASIA AND | |||
NO SIGNIFICANT INFLAMMATION. | |||
- CRYSTALLINE DEPOSITS CONSISTENT WITH PSEUDOGOUT. | |||
- BONE WITH THIN TRABECULAE. | |||
</pre> | |||
<pre> | |||
BONE, LEFT KNEE, JOINT REPLACEMENT: | |||
- DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE. | |||
- CRYSTALS CONSISTENT WITH PSEUDOGOUT. | |||
- SYNOVIAL HYPERPLASIA WITH RARE GIANT CELLS. | |||
- NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY. | |||
</pre> | |||
===Micro=== | |||
The soft tissue section shows readily apparent rhomboid-shaped crystalline deposits | |||
(compatible with pseudogout). The crystals polarize and have a light blue hue under | |||
polarized light. Synovial hyperplasia is present. No lymphoid aggregates are apparent. | |||
The bony section show thin bony trabeculae and cartilage with | |||
degenerative changes (surface fibrillation, thinning). | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Joints]]. | |||
*[[Crystals in body fluids]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Crystals in body fluids]] | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | |||